Furthermore, there was no Inquisition in England during the time of Henry VIII. No such formal institution for the English existed before or after his reign, save for a short-lived ecclesiastical court system controlled by the Crown during the relatively brief reign of Mary Tudor.
Furthermore, trying to label all of Catholic Christendom as sharing in a singular Catholic culture is to ignore all of the national and cultural differences that existed between the Anglo-Saxons, the Normans, the Franks, and all the various ethnic/tribal groups that existed in medieval Europe. (Seriously, try making the case that there was a single unified culture for all of 15th century Europe in the face of a map like this.)
Lastly, Henry VIII ceased to be Catholic the moment he severed himself from the Church. On a related note, you can also thank him for the political theory known today as the "divine right of kings."
Of Catholicism did, it was the Catholic church doing it, officially.