Gnosticism Was a prominent heretical movement of the 2nd-century Christian Church, partly of pre-Christian origin. Gnostic doctrine taught that the world was created and ruled by a lesser divinity, the demiurge, and that Christ was an emissary of the remote supreme divine being, esoteric knowledge (gnosis) of whom enabled the redemption of the human spirit.
Modalism/Monarchianism Modalism states that God is a single person who, throughout Biblical history, has revealed Himself in three modes or forms. Thus, God is a single person who first manifested Himself in the mode of the Father in Old Testament times. At the incarnation, the mode was the Son, and after Jesus' ascension, the mode is the Holy Spirit. These modes are consecutive and never simultaneous. In other words, this view states that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit never all exist at the same time--only one after another. Modalism denies the distinctiveness of the three persons in the Trinity even though it retains the divinity of Christ.
Adoptionism, sometimes called dynamic monarchianism, is a nontrinitarian theological teaching that Jesus was adopted as God's Son at either his baptism, his resurrection, or his ascension.
Arianism Arius was a pastor of a Church in Alexandria in 318. He presented the belief that Jesus was a created being and that there was a time when He did not exist. after a meeting with the Bishop and other priests he was ordered not to present these ideas again. He refused and was excommunicated.
Apollinarianism Apollinaris held that Christ did not have a complete human nature, and that he could not have a human mind and free will. He held that Christ had one one nature, a divine spirit, but a partially human (body and soul)
Manichaeism Mani taught an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process which takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light whence it came. Its beliefs were based on local Mesopotamian gnostic and religious movements. They accepted Christ but not as the second person of the trinity. Augustine of Hippo was originally a follower of Mani But did not see any intellectual rigor in the belief system.
Donatism. Prior to 312, Donatus. Held that the validity of the sacraments depended on the holiness of the individual minister of the sacraments. Traditor were the ones that handed over the books or said they handed over the books. Created a schismatic group among the middle and upper class. after the death of Donatus Augustine of Hippo, was able to reunite many of the Donatists with the Catholic Church.
Pelagianism Pelagius (354–420 or 440),British monk. The belief that original sin did not taint human nature and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without special Divine aid. Later he denied, at least at some point in his life, many of the doctrines associated with his name. Pelagius taught that the human will, as created with its abilities by God, was sufficient to live a sinless life, although he believed that God's grace assisted every good work. Pelagianism has come to be identified with the view, (whether Pelagius agreed or not), that human beings can earn salvation by their own efforts.
Semi Pelagianism in its original form was developed as a compromise between Pelagianism and the teaching of Church Fathers such as Saint Augustine, thought, therefore, a distinction is made between the beginning of faith and the increase of faith. Semi pelagian thought teaches that the latter half - growing in faith - is the work of God, while the beginning of faith is an act of free will, with grace supervening only later. It too was labeled heresy by the Western Church in the Second Council of Orange in 529
Nestorianism Nestorius (386–450), Patriarch of Constantinople from 428–431 He developed his Christological views as an attempt to rationally explain and understand the incarnation of the divine Logos, He challenged the long-used title Theotokos (Bringer forth of God) for the Virgin Mary. He suggested that the title denied Christ's full humanity, arguing instead that Jesus had two persons, the divine Logos and the human Jesus. As such he proposed Christotokos (Bringer forth of Christ) as a more suitable title for Mary
Monophysitism is the Christological position that, after the union of the divine and the human in the historical Incarnation, Jesus Christ, as the incarnation of the eternal Son or Word (Logos) of God, had only a single "nature" which was either divine or a synthesis of divine and human. Monophysitism is contrasted to dyophysitism (or dia-, dio-, or duophysitism) which maintains that Christ maintained two natures, one divine and one human, after the Incarnation.
So far after reading the first 20 post I saw Nestorianism and Monophysitism.
Nice summation. Thanks.