As I understand it with my limited knowledge of both the Catechism and theology, 841 refers to monotheism. CCC337 is straight from St. Thomas Aquinas’s Summa Theologica so I could be snarky and suggest that after you and I both have read Aquinas we can have a conversation about what 337 means. For now I’m happy to accept it.
Right now I’m reading EVANGELIUM VITAE by St. JP II. I just finished One Thing is Three book and study group by Michael Gaitley. I’m trying as hard as I can to figure this stuff out. Be patient with me.
My next project is to read Socratic Logic by Peter Kreeft so that after that I may have some hope of reading a book about Summa Theologica.
I'm working my way through a course in Biblical Languages myself.
If 841 refers to monotheism that would make it an even worse statement. God is not monotheistic. I bet you would be hard pressed to find a mullah who would equate Jehovah God with Allah.
I would be curious as to why the ccc calls them symbolic days.
The construct of the Hebrew indicates these are 24 hour days as we understand them.