And for the record, I have seen that list of quotes you site and the same argument. Cardinal Bellarmine was Jesuit and indeed a leading Theologian against the Protestant Schismatics of the 16th century. Dr. Taylor Marshall, a former Anglican Priest, who has a blog called Cantebury Tales that I frequent, actually put together a response to this years ago.
http://taylormarshall.com/2010/10/did-church-fathers-teach-justification.html
Nothing new here and no, none of those guys taught Luthers Doctrine of Justification and they certainty did not teach Calvin’s Penal Substitution Forensic Imputation doctrine.
All of the Fathers you sited believed in the Sacraments, believed Baptismal regeneration, real presence of the Eucharist, had strong views on the Primacy of the Bishop of Rome, believed in the communion of the Saints, heck Augustine was the one who came up with the term purgatory, were Catholic in their ecclesiology, etc, etc.
And for the record, I have seen that list of quotes you site and the same argument. Cardinal Bellarmine was Jesuit
Bellarmine was simply one who listed eight earlier authors who added "sola," and was not invoked as one who supported Luther.
As for historical support, Manning had the solution to the problem of ancient evidence that conflicted with Rome:
It was the charge of the Reformers that the Catholic doctrines were not primitive, and their pretension was to revert to antiquity. But the appeal to antiquity is both a treason and a heresy. It is a treason because it rejects the Divine voice of the Church at this hour, and a heresy because it denies that voice to be Divine. ...
I may say in strict truth that the Church has no antiquity. It rests upon its own supernatural and perpetual consciousness. Its past is present with it, for both are one to a mind which is immutable. Primitive and modern are predicates, not of truth, but of ourselves. The Church is always primitive and always modern at one and the same time; and alone can expound its own mind, as an individual can declare his own thoughts... — Most Rev. Dr. Henry Edward Cardinal Manning, Lord Archbishop of Westminster, The Temporal Mission of the Holy Ghost: Or Reason and Revelation (New York: J.P. Kenedy & Sons, originally written 1865, pp. 227,28