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Jeremiah lived during the last King of Judah. By the time Jeremiah was writing to Judah, there had already been a civil war and the House of Israel has been sent into captivity to the Assyrian king. (Christ called them the lost sheep of the House of Israel, in Matthew 10:6... see Christ knew who they were and where they were but the peoples of the House of Israel did not know who they were.)

The House of Judah along with Benjamin were getting the instruction from Jeremiah, that they were going to go into captivity to the king of Babylon. Now some will claim that the children of Israel, the northern kingdom, the 10 tribes, also called Ephraim long ago rejoined the ‘family’ that is just not the case.

Notice Jeremiah 3 it is both history and prophecy, not all of Jeremiah 3 has been fulfilled. Those two houses have not yet be rejoined. Jeremiah 3:18.