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http://www.jcstudies.com/articleDetail.cfm?articleId=59
Jesus And The Holy Tongue
Author: Dwight A. Pryor
DID THE HISTORICAL JESUS SPEAK HEBREW? The supposition of New Testament scholarsindeed the virtually unchallenged assumption in Bible dictionaries and Gospel commentaries for well over a centuryis that the native tongue of Jesus was Aramaic, not Hebrew.
That is beginning to change. The cumulative research of a generation of scholars living in the land of Israel, both Jews and Christians, strongly challenges this conventional conviction as outmoded and misleading...
...First, with the resurgent nationalism evoked by the successful Maccabean revolt a century and a half before Jesus, came a corresponding revival in Hebrew as the national language of the Jewish people. Second, the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls has confirmed that by the first century Hebrew was again a spoken language in Israel. The various documents, the vast majority of which are written in Hebrew, reflect a distinctive and developing Hebrew language in spoken as well as written forms...