The greek meaning of the word is simply one sent by a messenger ..Paul was sent by Christ..
The only reference to the definition you chose is found in Acts 1:21 before the church was founded, before there was an indwelling Holy Spirit.. It is Peters parameters for picking a replacement for Judas.
As has been pointed out, there is no biblical president for Apostolic succession.. Christ never gave them directions or permission to replace Judas.. This was Peters idea and Peters rules we see here, not Christs..We have no right to impose Peters rules on Christ..
Christ called Paul to be an apostle .. unless the word of God if wrong and Paul a liar