They are heresies; but the point here is different. Boatbums and I were discussing whether when St. Ignatius of Antioch used the word “catholic” he meant any believer in Christ, or he meant someone who is Catholic in the sense that he also obeys the bishops and worships Christ in the Eucharist. I pointed out to her that that latter is the case.
And she pointed out to you, that after reading the epistle, and researching the short history (106 AD) of the church at that point, there were bishops (spiritual leaders) all over the place. Ignatius was one, as was one in Smyrna he referred to. His admonition was to the believers there to accept the authority of their local ministers of the gospel in regards to scriptural doctrine especially concerning the heresy of Docetism and Gnostism.
He would never even know that nearly 300 years later the bishop in Rome would be named the head kahuna over all the other local spiritual leaders and, I don't doubt he would have been one of the many who rejected that idea had he been present at that council.
In regards to the Eucharist, the local churches gathered together in the mornings for fellowship, called Agape, or Love, Feasts. The breaking of the bread and drinking of the wine was done as Christ had done at the Last Supper, after the Resurrection, and as explained by Paul in the letter to the Corinthians. All in "remembrance of Him".
Do I, as a Christian participate in Communion? Yes. Do I believe it miraculously changes into the physical flesh and blood of Jesus as a reenactment of the sacrifice on the cross every time I partake? No. And neither did the early Christians. When I accepted Jesus Christ as savior, I "received" his body and blood for the remission of my sins. My act of faith was the spiritual equivalent of eating his body and drinking his blood. And when I did this, just as Jesus said, I will never hunger or thirst again. That this was a spiritual concept is obvious. Did people gag and freak out when they first heard Jesus say this? Yep. Did he explain the concept to the ones who believed in him and stuck around? Absolutely!
I follow what Jesus told his disciples, "Do this in remembrance of me." and Paul to the Corinthians, "When you eat this bread and drink this cup, you do show the Lord's death until he comes again."
So, the point is, Ignatius was the first to use the word "catholic" and he was without doubt speaking to the entire body of believers in Christ. It's too bad some feel they must copyright words in order to assert their superiority over others.