In a way, He did. He instructed Thomas in a truer faith in the spiritual things of God as oppossed to the material world.
And Thomas answered and said unto him, My LORD and my God. Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed." -- John 20:27-29"Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.
It's similar to the "rebuke" Jesus gave the woman who sought to praise Mary at the Sermon on the Mount...
But he said, Yea rather, blessed are they that hear the word of God, and keep it." -- Luke 11:27-28"And it came to pass, as he spake these things, a certain woman of the company lifted up her voice, and said unto him, Blessed is the womb that bare thee, and the paps which thou hast sucked.
It’s not a rebuke. Both are “yes and more than that” not “no, not at all.”
The underlying Greek is clear. He’s not rebuking the woman. He’s endorsing her honoring of his mother because of him. He says, “Yes, and the reason for blessing my mother is because she, like you should, hears and keeps the word of God.”
To Thomas, he’s not rebuking. He’s acknowledging the basis of Thomas’s belief. There’s NOTHING wrong with believing based on empirical evidence. NONE OF THE OTHER APOSTLES BELIEVED WITHOUT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE. They believed only when they saw him. They disbelieved the women, based on the women’s words. They believed when they saw.
Thomas disbelieved when all he had was testimony of his fellow apostles. He did not fully believe when he saw. He needed touch as well. (Of course, it’s possible the other apostles also touched but that isn’t recorded? But he told Mary not to touch? But not because she needed to touch in order to believe—she clearly believed. So we just don’t know; “touch” probably means “hold on, cling.”)
Jesus does NOT rebuke Thomas. He merely points out that Thomas’s touching is VERY, VERY, VERY important and good because in the future, generations will not be able to see or touch and the link we have with Jesus’ resurrection is via the testimony of those who touched and saw.
You’ve turned this passage on its head (and the other one as well.)