The Church teaches no such thing. Quite the contrary, the view you falsely ascribe to the Catholic Church is expressly condemned. It is blatant heresy, even if you happen to have heard it from Father Flake or Sister Silly.
Humani Generis His Holiness Pope Pius XII Encyclical Letter Concerning Some False Opinions Which Threaten to Undermine the Foundations of Catholic Doctrine August 12, 1950
37. When, however, there is question of another conjectural opinion, namely polygenism, the children of the Church by no means enjoy such liberty. For the faithful cannot embrace that opinion which maintains that either after Adam there existed on this earth true men who did not take their origin through natural generation from him as from the first parent of all, or that Adam represents a certain number of first parents. Now it is no no way apparent how such an opinion can be reconciled with that which the sources of revealed truth and the documents of the Teaching Authority of the Church propose with regard to original sin, which proceeds from a sin actually committed by an individual Adam and which, through generation, is passed on to all and is in everyone as his own.[18] >37. When, however, there is question of another conjectural opinion, namely polygenism, the children of the Church by no means enjoy such liberty. For the faithful cannot embrace that opinion which maintains that either after Adam there existed on this earth true men who did not take their origin through natural generation from him as from the first parent of all, or that Adam represents a certain number of first parents. Now it is no no way apparent how such an opinion can be reconciled with that which the sources of revealed truth and the documents of the Teaching Authority of the Church propose with regard to original sin, which proceeds from a sin actually committed by an individual Adam and which, through generation, is passed on to all and is in everyone as his own.[18]
I'm afraid you don't understand what I mean by "Adam." I refer not to a theoretical individual who lived at some time in the far distant past about whom we know nothing (and who was probably born to a soulless humanoid and ensouled at a certain time) but to the Biblical Adam: who was created on the Sixth Day; ate the fruit; was expelled from Eden; began Cain, Abel and Seth (and others); lived apart from Eve for 130 years after Cain killed Abel, died at the age of 930, and is buried (along with Eve) in Me`arat HaMakhpelah in Chevron (which I once visited). And the Catholic Church is completely non-committal as to whether this particular individual ever actually existed. The Catholic Church believes in a theoretical extra-Biblical, "scientific" first man, not the Biblical 'Adam HaRi'shon.