The verses that you have stated have nothing to do with what the Apostles and disciples believed.
None of them believed that Christ was going to the Cross to die for the sins of the world and be raised again
That was something that they had to learn after the fact, especially Thomas!
The disciples’ faith wavered for a while, as everyone’s does at some time or other, but in no way did they get to heaven without belief in Christ. And they got to heaven, most assuredly.
If you think they got there without believing in Christ, whether because of their ethnicity or any other reason, then you believe a different gospel than that of the Bible.