Not a lot though. Since the shepards where in the hills, it does indicate that it was later in the year (well, as our calendar currently runs). In the early Church, most of the concern was with calculating Easter right, and Christmas wasn't as big of a concern until a little bit later (still pretty early though).
This ought suffice. The Acts of Enrollment were preserved in the Library in Rome and part of early catechesis employed these acts. The Church in Rome knew the day of His birth. It can also be figured from the date of Gospels and referents to Elizabeth's pregnancy etc