I only have time for a short answer today. The Holy Spirit was given by Christ to the apostles, who formed the Church. Through baptism in the Church, one receives the Holy Spirit. This is consistent with all the scripture I've seen.
"The Holy Spirit was given by Christ to the apostles, who formed the Church. Through baptism in the Church, one receives the Holy Spirit."
I agree with this, but I do not see where baptism within the bounds of The Church is necessary for reception of the Holy Spirit. Like Orthodoxy, the Latin Church accepts the validity of Christian, Trinitarian, water baptisms performed by ministers of groups outside The Church, or so I understood. Am I wrong?
Though the question is an open one in Orthodoxy, it is the opinion of many Orthodox theologians that theosis by the power of the Holy Spirit might well be found outside the bounds of The Church even of persons who are not Christians and without baptism because they cannot define "whither the Spirit goes". This of course is speculation, which those theologians freely admit, and is related to the apophatic way in which Orthodoxy "does" theology.