5,643 Felons Voted Illegally In Florida;
68% (3,837) Were Registered As Democrats
By Scott Hiaasen, Gary Kane, Elliot Jaspin
May 28, 2001
Thousands of felons voted in the presidential election last year, despite a three-year, $3.3 million campaign by state officials to keep them off the voter rolls.
A Palm Beach Post computer analysis has identified more than 5,600 people who voted on Nov. 7 though they appeared to perfectly match names on a statewide list of suspected felons. Each of these voters had exactly the same name, date of birth, race and gender as a felon identified by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement.
These illegal voters almost certainly influenced the down-to-the-wire presidential election. It's likely they benefited Democratic candidate Al Gore: Of the likely felons identified by the Post, 68% were registered Democrats.
In Florida, felons are barred from voting unless granted clemency. Any felon who "willfully" casts a ballot in spite of the law can be convicted of a third-degree felony.
But correctly identifying felons among Florida's 8.8 million registered voters sounds easier than it is: The state has yet to figure out how to find felons without catching legal voters in the same net.
The state hired a private company, Database Technologies Inc., to compile an annual list of felons by comparing voter rolls and criminal databases. This list was then sent to county elections supervisors. However, because of flaws in the data, it's possible that a few of the 5,643 felons the Post found aren't felons at all. In rare cases, someone could have the exact name, birth date and race as a felon. And in some cases, names of people convicted only of misdemeanors made their way onto FDLE's list of felons.
These flaws made most local elections supervisors skeptical of the list. While some used it carefully, removing only voters they could verify as felons, supervisors in 20 of the state's 67 counties ignored it altogether. More than 3,000 apparent felons voted in counties where the list was not used, the Post analysis shows.
One supervisor who didn't use the list was Theresa LePore of Palm Beach County. LePore said she thought the list was so flawed that by using it she would disenfranchise legitimate voters. So LePore chose instead to rely on her usual checks of local court records to find felons, a less thorough approach that all but guaranteed felons would make it to the polls.
The Post found 766 apparent felons who voted in Palm Beach County. "I chose not to use it because I choose to err on the side of the voter," LePore said. Many Palm Beach County felons who made the list were convicted decades ago but continued to vote. One voter had a single conviction in 1957.
Without the DBT felon list, it's unlikely these illegal voters would ever be detected, because local court clerks don't scan old records for them. They only report felony convictions to the elections office as they occur.
One of these voters, Zara Hester of Belle Glade, said she had no idea she wasn't supposed to vote. Hester, 54, was convicted of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon in 1972; she said she shot a boyfriend in the leg in self-defense and paid only a small fine in court.
"They'd have to lock me away 30 years back, because I've been voting as long as I could vote," said Hester. She would not say for whom she voted on Nov. 7, but she is a lifelong Democrat.
Another voter, Catherine Hanks of Pahokee, said she was unaware that she had a felony record. According to the FDLE, she was convicted in 1981 for her role in an illegal lottery and paid a $100 fine.
Though she vaguely remembers the arrest -- "I know the police came, but they never booked me" -- she said no one ever told her she couldn't vote. "Every time it comes time to vote, I vote," said Hanks, 65, who voted for Gore. [b]Skepticism of list spread [/b]
Statewide, Broward County had the largest number of felons who voted, with nearly 1,500. Officials there also avoided using the list because they found problems with it the year before; instead, they removed only those voters who admitted they were felons.
"It was quickly determined that the information (on the DBT list) was not credible or reliable . . . so we did not use the list at all," said Joe Cotter, assistant elections supervisor in Broward County.
The skepticism spread throughout the state last year, as county after county fielded complaints from voters wrongly targeted as convicts. Counties that employed the list did so cautiously, allowing thousands of felons to slip through the cracks.
In Duval County -- where 920 apparent felons cast ballots -- the elections office sent letters to more than 4,000 suspected felons on the DBT list, warning them that they could be removed from the rolls. But if a voter denied being a felon, officials took the voter at his word.
"We took the philosophy that we're not in the law enforcement business and we're not in the clemency business. We didn't have the resources for that," said Dick Carlberg of the Duval County elections office.
Some elections supervisors allowed suspected felons to vote if they signed affidavits swearing they weren't criminals. Many of these affidavits came in on Election Day, when officials were already swamped with surprisingly strong voter turnout.
Miami-Dade County Elections Supervisor David Leahy said he felt obligated to believe voters who signed these statements, noting how difficult it would be for the average person to prove himself innocent. In Polk County, seven voters who signed affidavits were in fact felons, and they are now being investigated by prosecutors.
Elections supervisors found plenty of reasons to doubt the DBT product. Several said they found people listed as felons though they were only convicted of misdemeanors, or their convictions had been withheld. The FDLE said it gave DBT data only on felons with confirmed convictions, though cases that were overturned on appeal may not be on the agency's records. However, the FDLE data did not provide conviction dates for nearly 5,000 suspected felons, records show.
Sometimes, even a perfect match isn't perfect. Take Floredia Walker of St. Petersburg, an employee of the state Department of Corrections who was told she couldn't vote -- she was a perfect match because a thief used her stolen driver license 15 years ago. And there could be some cases of mistaken identity. While researching one voter's complaint, DBT found four people in the United States named Robert Williams born on the same date.
Ironically, the state began using FDLE data because of inaccuracies found in prison and probation records maintained by the Department of Corrections. Because of these concerns, future felon purges will use data collected by a state association of court clerks, said Clay Roberts, director of the Division of Elections.
Why can't felons vote?
The felon purge has also highlighted the issue of whether felons should be allowed to vote. Florida is one of just a dozen states -- most of them in the South -- that bar felons from voting; most states automatically restore voting rights to criminals once they are released from prison or probation.
Black lawmakers in particular have pushed to change the law, saying it has a disproportionate effect on black voters (blacks account for 49% of felons convicted in the state). But a provision that would have restored felons' voting rights a few years after their release was dropped from the election reform bill Gov. Jeb Bush signed this month.
Some say felons should be banned from voting, arguing that it's further punishment that should deter offenders. Others say those who break the law should not be allowed to help decide who makes the laws.
But Zara Hester, the Belle Glade woman convicted in 1972, doesn't see why she should be punished today for something that happened so long ago. "Voting is a beautiful privilege," she said. "If they are going to take that away, they shouldn't call it freedom."
Washington Bureau reporter Christine Xu contributed to this story.
Copyright © 2001 Palm Beach Post. All rights reserved.
For education and discussion purposes only. Not for commercial use.
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I'll bet an even higher percentage than that voted fer the RATS, too!!
When my vote is diluted by ineligible voters, I am being disenfranchised.
FReegards...MUD
Birds of a feather stick together.