US and European Mercenaries Face Defacto and Dejure Death Sentence

In this case, highly likely they are vaporized in their bunk, hit at 4 AM, while sleeping in a supposedly “ safe house”….which no one realizes in this conflict there are plenty of ethnic Russians living in Ukie land who sympathize with Vlad…there are no “ safe” houses.
Why do you think the crooked little beggar Zelensky passed death sentence’s for even the slightest perceived treasonous charge? Innocently Posting troop movements, pictures, strengths, manpower, even posting eye witness combat accounts….many Ukies fearful, quite a few Ukies have been found with hands tied- one bullet in the head.

question is did the Ukies hire him for his past experience in chem weapons? Or did a foreign contractor company ( paid by .gov) hire him ?

The real issue (imo) is whether or not Drueke is still active duty US military...the date on the photo appears to be from Jan 2022.

Either way, I kinda doubt the Russians are gonna give him up easily when there are so many unanswered questions about DoD bio "research" labs in Ukraine.

Don’t make it rocket science logic, it is not. Your first mistake is thinking “ mercenary “ is bad or derogatory. It is not.

The definition is simple. The connotations are broad.

If you are a citizen of one country, and go to fight in hostilities for a foreign country who pays you to use your skills, you are a mercenary. Very easy to understand.

The ammo truck driver, the medic, the aircraft mechanic, the pilot, the computer nerd, the force protection specialist, the SARS guy, etc…

The Army awards the CIB to the Infantry, not the general Army population”.

That is my point, thank you.

I have one from Vietnam.

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You have my respect. I have my fathers CIB, WW2 infantry. That said, the Army now issues the Combat Action Badge to MOS’s other than 11B….just not the same as the legendary CIB.

“The Army awards the CIB to the Infantry, not the general Army population”.
_________________________________________________________

I thought your point was that he wasn’t a combat vet because he didn’t have a CIB but he that had a bunch of medals.

Thank you, I appreciate it. And it’s really neat that you have your Dad’s CIB from WW II. My Dad got his CIB in CBI Theater of War.

I didn’t realize the Army issues Combat Action Badges. That sounds fair enough.

Regards-

There is a legal definition of mercenary. That definition is very important since it effects the rights a prisoner of war can expect according to international law. Every military contractor I ever worked with before going into a foreign country (war zone or not) was damned well aware of their legal status (or lack thereof) and exactly who to contact if they ran into trouble.

I can only imagine the deception by the Biden administration in Ukraine.

= = =

I would say: biden Administration

I think it is no ‘biden’ and all ‘Administration’.

There is a legal definition of mercenary. That definition is very important since it effects the rights a prisoner of war can expect according to international law.

There is a definition of mercenary, but being determined to be a mercenary is an automatic disqualification for POW or lawful combatant status.

Article 47 of Additional Protocol I defines mercenaries.

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977.

Article 47 - Mercenaries
1. A mercenary shall not have the right to be a combatant or a prisoner of war.
A mercenary is any person who:
(a) is specially recruited locally or abroad in order to fight in an armed conflict;
(b) does, in fact, take a direct part in the hostilities;
(c) is motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a Party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party;
(d) is neither a national of a Party to a conflict nor a resident of territory controlled by a Party to the conflict;
(e) is not a member of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict; and
(f) has not been sent by a State which is not a Party to the conflict on official duty as a member of its armed forces.

There are four generally recognized requirements for POW status.

1. To be commanded by a person responsible for his subordinates;
2. To have a fixed distinctive emblem recognizable at a distance;
3. To carry arms openly; and
4. To conduct their operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war.

Some list seven conditions, including sourcing to the Hague Conventions, adding:

5. Lawful combatants must act within a hierarchical framework, embedded in discipline, and subject to supervision by upper echelons to who the subordinate united in the field report.
6. Belonging to a Belligerent Party.
7. Non-allegiance to the Detaining Power.

See Yoram Dinstein, The Conduct of Hostilities under the Law of International Armed Conflict, Second Ed., Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 43-47. At 47, Dinstein writes, "The Hague and Geneva conditions are conjunctive, meaning that they must be complied with cumulatively."

Perhaps the most important point is that the detainees fate will be determined by a military court or tribunal of the detaining state, in this case apparently the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR), if the Americans are treated the same as the Brits and the Moroccan. They were turned over to the DPR. I will proceed under the presumption that the Americans will also be turned over to the DPR.

At issue would be whether thousands of soldiers of fortune all spontaneously offered their services for free, and have the Ukranian paperwork to prove it; and whether the DPR will accept that claim which defies belief.

Whether detainees did, or did not, belong to the belligerent power of Ukraine is to be determined by a Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) military court or tribunal. Likewise, whether they have conducted operations not in accordance with the laws and customs of war, will be determined by DPR authorities. If they are determined to be mercenaries, they are merely criminals, unprivileged belligerents, with no claim to POW status.

The most complete legal coverage of mercenaries is in the International Convention linked and quoted in full below.

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Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

https://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/mercenaries/docs/1989UNConvention_English.pdf

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION AGAINST THE RECRUITMENT, USE, FINANCING AND TRAINING OF MERCENARIES
The States Parties to the present Convention
Reaffirming the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and in the Declaration on the Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
Being aware of the recruitment, use, financing and training of mercenaries for activities which violate principles of international law such as those of sovereign equality, political independence, territorial integrity of States and self-determination of peoples,
Affirming that the recruitment, use, financing and training of mercenaries should be considered as offences of grave concern to all States and that any person committing any of these offences should either be prosecuted or extradited,
Convinced of the necessity to develop and enhance international co-operation among States for the prevention, prosecution and punishment of such offences,
Expressing concern at new unlawful international activities linking drug traffickers and mercenaries in the perpetration of violent actions which undermine the constitutional order of States,
Also convinced that the adoption of a convention against the recruitment, use, financing and training of mercenaries would contribute to the eradication of these nefarious activities and thereby to the observance of the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations,
Cognizant that matters not regulated by such a convention continue to be governed by the rules and principles of international law,
Have agreed as follows
Article I
For the purposes of the present Convention
1. A mercenary is any person who:
(a) is specially recruited locally or abroad in order to fight in an armed conflict;
(b) does, in fact, take a direct part in the hostilities;
(c) is motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a Party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party;
(d) is neither a national of a Party to the conflict nor a resident of territory controlled by a Party to the conflict;
(e) is not a member of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict; and
(f) has not been sent by a State which is not a Party to the conflict on official duty as a member of its armed forces.
Article 2
Any person who recruits, uses, finances or trains mercenaries, as defined in article 1 of the present Convention, commits an offence for the purposes of the Convention.
Article 3
1. A mercenary, as defined in article 1 of the present Convention, who participates directly in hostilities or in a concerted act of violence, as the case may be, commits an offence for the purposes of the Convention.
2. Nothing in this article limits the scope of application of article 4 of the present Convention.
Article 4
An offence is committed by any person who:
(a) Attempts to commit one of the offences set forth in the present Convention;
(b) Is the accomplice of a person who commits or attempts to commit any of the offences set forth in the present Convention.
Article 5
1. States Parties shall not recruit, use, finance or train mercenaries and shall prohibit such activities in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention.
2. States Parties shall not recruit, use, finance or train mercenaries for the purpose of opposing the legitimate exercise of the inalienable right of peoples to self-determination, as recognized by international law, and shall take, in conformity with international law, the appropriate measures to prevent the recruitment, use, financing or training of mercenaries for that purpose.
3. They shall make the offences set forth in the present Convention punishable by appropriate penalties which take into account the grave nature of those offences.
Article 6
States Parties shall co-operate in the prevention of the offences set forth in the present Convention, particularly by:
(a) Taking all practicable measures to prevent preparations in their respective territories for the commission of those offences within or outside their territories, including the prohibition of illegal activities of persons, groups and organizations that encourage, instigate, organize or engage in the perpetration of such offences;
(b) Co-ordinating the taking of administrative and other measures as appropriate to prevent the commission of those offences.
Article 7
States Parties shall co-operate in taking the necessary measures for the implementation of the present Convention.
Article 8
Any State Party having reason to believe that one of the offences set forth in the present Convention has been, is being or will be committed shall, in accordance with its national law, communicate the relevant information, as soon as it comes to its knowledge, directly or through the Secretary-General of the United Nations, to the States Parties affected.
Article 9
1. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over any of the offences set forth in the present Convention which are committed:
(a) In its territory or on board a ship or aircraft registered in that State;
(b) By any of its nationals or, if that State considers it appropriate, by those stateless persons who have their habitual residence in that territory.
2. Each State Party shall likewise take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences set forth in articles 2, 3 and 4 of the present Convention in cases where the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to any of the States mentioned in paragraph 1 of this article.
3. The present Convention does not exclude any criminal jurisdiction exercised in accordance with national law.
Article 10
1. Upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant, any State Party in whose territory the alleged offender is present shall, in accordance with its laws, take him into custody or take such other measures to ensure his presence for such time as is necessary to enable any criminal or extradition proceedings to be instituted. The State Party shall immediately make a preliminary inquiry into the facts.
2. When a State Party, pursuant to this article, has taken a person into custody or has taken such other measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, it shall notify without delay either directly or through the Secretary-General of the United Nations:
(a) The State Party where the offence was committed;
(b) The State Party against which the offence has been directed or attempted;
(c) The State Party of which the natural or juridical person against whom the offence has been directed or attempted is a national;
(d) The State Party of which the alleged offender is a national or, if he is a stateless person, in whose territory he has his habitual residence;
(e) Any other interested State Party which it considers it appropriate to notify.
3. Any person regarding whom the measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are being taken shall be entitled:
(a) To communicate without delay with the nearest appropriate representative of the State of which he is a national or which is otherwise entitled to protect his rights or, if he is a stateless person, the State in whose territory he has his habitual residence;
(b) To be visited by a representative of that State.
4. The provisions of paragraph 3 of this article shall be without prejudice to the right of any State Party having a claim to jurisdiction in accordance with article 9, paragraph 1(b), to invite the International Committee of the Red Cross to communicate with and visit the alleged offender.
5. The State which makes the preliminary inquiry contemplated in paragraph 1 of this article shall promptly report its findings to the States referred to in paragraph 2 of this article and indicate whether it intends to exercise jurisdiction.
Article 11
Any person regarding whom proceedings are being carried out in connection with any of the offences set forth in the present Convention shall be guaranteed at all stages of the proceedings fair treatment and all the rights and guarantees provided for in the law of the State in question.
Applicable norms of international law should be taken into account.
Article 12
The State Party in whose territory the alleged offender is found shall, if it does not extradite him, be obliged, without exception whatsoever and whether or not the offence was committed in its territory, to submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, through proceedings in accordance with the laws of that State. Those authorities shall take their decision in the same manner as in the case of any other offence of a grave nature under the law of that State.
Article 13
1. States Parties shall afford one another the greatest measure of assistance in connection with criminal proceedings brought in respect of the offences set forth in the present Convention, including the supply of all evidence at their disposal necessary for the proceedings. The law of the State whose assistance is requested shall apply in all cases.
2. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall not affect obligations concerning mutual judicial assistance embodied in any other treaty.
Article 14
The State Party where the alleged offender is prosecuted shall in accordance with its laws communicate the final outcome of the proceedings to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit the information to the other States concerned.
Article 15
1. The offences set forth in articles 2, 3 and 4 of the present Convention shall be deemed to be included as extraditable offences in any extradition treaty existing between States Parties. States Parties undertake to include such offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
2. If a State Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another State Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may at its option consider the present Convention as the legal basis for extradition in respect of those offences. Extradition shall be subject to the other conditions provided by the law of the requested State.
3. States Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize those offences as extraditable offences between themselves, subject to the conditions provided by the law of the requested State.
4. The offences shall be treated, for the purpose of extradition between States Parties, as if they had been committed not only in the place in which they occurred but also in the territories of the States required to establish their jurisdiction in accordance with article 9 of the present Convention.
Article 16
The present Convention shall be applied without prejudice to:
(a) The rules relating to the international responsibility of States;
(b) The law of armed conflict and international humanitarian law, including the provisions relating to the status of combatant or of prisoner of war.
Article 17
1. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the present Convention which is not settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration. If, within six months from the date of the request for arbitration, the parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by a request in conformity with the Statute of the Court.
2. Each State may, at the time of signature or ratification of the present Convention or accession thereto, declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 1 of this article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by paragraph 1 of this article with respect to any State Party which has made such a reservation.
3. Any State Party which has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 18
1. The present Convention shall be open for signature by all States until 31 December 1990 at United Nations Headquarters in New York.
2. The present Convention shall be subject to ratification. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
3. The present Convention shall remain open for accession by any State. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 19
1. The present Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the date of deposit of the twenty-second instrument of ratification or accession with the Secretary- General of the United Nations.
2. For each State ratifying or acceding to the Convention after the deposit of the twenty-second instrument of ratification or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after deposit by such State of its instrument of ratification or accession.
Article 20
1. Any State Party may denounce the present Convention by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2. Denunciation shall take effect one year after the date on which the notification is received by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 21
The original of the present Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall send certified copies thereof to all States.
In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed the present Convention.

The DPR can hold a trial and sentence the detainees to death as mercenaries. The DPR can carry out the sentence. The US or UK or such other country of origin of the detainee may appeal the execution. There is always the point at which some international body such s the UN may issue a ruling in the absence of any enforcement mechanism. “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” President Andrew Jackson's reaction to the Opinion of the U.S. Supreme Court by Chief Justice John Marshall in Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 515 (1832).

When the fighting ceases, the Donetsk People's Republic can hold a referendum to become part of Russia. International sanctions against an entity that no longer exists may pose difficulties. As for Russia, they can say they had nothing to do with the legal proceedings against those held to be mercenaries. As for those who do not recognize the DPR, for them the alleged violations of rights would apparently be committed by Ukrainian subjects.

I can only imagine the deception by the Biden administration in Ukraine.
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You should see what is getting “ cooked up” in Lithuania. They are shutting down the Russian railroad to Kalingrad….talk about poking the bear….

https://youtu.be/ZQB7uWuWpBw

“A mercenary is any person who:

(a) is specially recruited locally or abroad in order to fight in an armed conflict;
(b) does, in fact, take a direct part in the hostilities;

(c) is motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a Party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party;

(d) is neither a national of a Party to a conflict nor a resident of territory controlled by a Party to the conflict;

(e) is not a member of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict; and

(f) has not been sent by a State which is not a Party to the conflict on official duty as a member of its armed forces.”

While some of these detainees may qualify if they meet the criteria listed above, at this point there is no evidence (that we know of) that any of them meet criteria a or c. In order to meet this definition of mercenary a person must qualify under all of the criteria not just some. Whomever detains these people and subjects them to trial needs to prove all the criteria are met in order to impose either a death sentence or a punishment in excess of that meted out to regular POW’s, otherwise they open themselves up to possible war crimes penalties.

Thank you for taking the time to educate me.

Thank you for taking the time to educate me.
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My pleasure, if the US public knew half of what our “ spooks” are doing and have done, the lies and cover-ups, there would be hangings…but all done for “ National Security “, which will never be revealed. When ever you hear “ National Security “, you should know embarrassing and corrupted practices are in place.

I will also add my work history in the DOS and for other “ employment” was always enjoyable. I was not taxed, as some agencies “ rules” ( each agency differed) stated we were tax free, similar to DOD contractors but they had to spend 360 days abroad. When I was in SA, I was 2 weeks in/ two weeks out, all tax free, by Congressional law. I will not name the project, but how can you not like paying no income tax?

can you please summarize that in hundred words or less?

can you please summarize that in hundred words or less?

The DPR will find them to be mercenaries. Mercenary shooting and killing is unprivileged murder.

While some of these detainees may qualify if they meet the criteria listed above, at this point there is no evidence (that we know of) that any of them meet criteria a or c. In order to meet this definition of mercenary a person must qualify under all of the criteria not just some. Whomever detains these people and subjects them to trial needs to prove all the criteria are met in order to impose either a death sentence or a punishment in excess of that meted out to regular POW’s, otherwise they open themselves up to possible war crimes penalties.

Whoever charges and tries them, probably the DPR, will simply have to say they are mercenaries. The DPR Supreme Court already found the two Brits and one Moroccan were mercenaries, tried them, and sentenced them to death. Conveniently, Russia had nothing to do with it.

You may choose to believe that thousands were overcome with a sudden compulsion to go fight a war for Ukraine with no profit motive. The DPR may find that argument unpersuasive, or even an insult to their intelligence. When they obtain a foreign detainee and determine he is a mercenary, there is nobody to tell them differently.

If the United States does not recognize the DPR, but consider it a part of Ukraine, then the United States can address its concerns to the government of Ukraine.

The United Nations does not recognize the DPR or LPR. The UN Security Council could meet to take action against the DPR, but I rather strongly suspect that Russia would veto anything they come up with.

As far as "specially recruited locally or abroad in order to fight in an armed conflict," this was notoriously done by Ukraine.

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https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-recruiting-foreign-fighters/31737766.html

March 05, 2022
By RFE/RL's Ukrainian Service
Ukraine's Government Opens Website To Recruit Foreigners To 'International Legion'
KYIV -- Ukraine's government has started a website to recruit foreign volunteers to an "international legion" to fight invading Russian troops, following repeated calls by President Volodymyr Zelenskiy for outsiders to join in his country's defense.
His office announced the website's launch on March 5 and said, "foreigners who want to help Ukraine can find a detailed, step-by-step instruction on the website on how to join the just fight with the aggressor."
It suggested that people contact the Ukrainian Embassy in their respective countries.
Such participation in foreign conflicts is banned in many countries.
The UN Mercenary Convention of 2001 also prohibits the recruitment, use, financing, and training of mercenaries.
The Ukrainian recruitment website says contracts with the government can be signed on arrival in Ukraine.
Zelenskiy has said several times that Ukraine welcomes foreigners who want to join Ukrainian forces fighting Russian troops since their invasion began on February 24.
He signed a decree introducing visa-free entrance to Ukraine for foreign volunteers that came into effect on March 1.
[...]

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https://fightforua.org/

JOIN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGION OF DEFENCE OF UKRAINE!

Very interesting.

Have you heard anything about the Lithuanians blocking the rail corridor from Kaliningrad to Russia (in violation of a longstanding agreement)? I’ve been hearing this has happened. If it has, it would appear to be a NATO provocation intended to bring NATO into the war against Russia. Frankly, it strikes me as highly unlikely because even an amateur observer knows that the Russians have been slow and methodical in the Donbass because they want to minimize casualties among the ethnic Russians there and the amount of infrastructure they will need to rebuild. If there were a war against NATO to the west, I don’t think the Russia would fail to use it’s thermobaric and other heavy weapons in a way that would level whatever they face and bring the full force of the battle hardened Russian army against what I suspect is a not very effective collection of NATO forces. As incompetent as the Biden administration is, surely it hasn’t reached that level of insanity. So, I thought you might have some more reliable sources than those I’ve found on the net.

I don’t doubt that the DPK would execute them, they have a track record of shady behavior and murdered mayors and police officials in Donetsk who were opposed to their secession in the early days. Their practice of extrajudicial executions are one of the reasons that they received little support from anyone except Russia. Even in Donetsk many view them are little better than a criminal gang.

They are shutting down the Russian railroad to Kalingrad….talk about poking the bear….

Obviously every nation threatened by the Russian soldiers, aircraft, missiles and ships in Konigsberg should bend over backwards to help Putin strengthen his forces there, and allow him to threaten Germany, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden even more, sez Putin, his fanbois, and no one else.

"When they lie to us, they go it alone."

100%!