The North didn't open up recruitment to blacks until 1863.
Actually, the North opened up recruitment and enlistment to blacks during the Revolutionary War. So did the South. It should be noted that they did not count as three-fifths of a replacement either. In both wars, conscription seemed to affect the moral imperative.
Records of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations in New England (10 vols., Providence, published by the State of Rhode Island, 1856-1865, Vol. VIII, 358-360.
Certificate of the Governor of Rhode Island to Colonel William Barton.State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations,
February 14th, 1778.This certifies, that the General Assembly, at the December session, 1777, appointed William Barton, Esq., colonel of a regiment ordered to be raised for twelve months, for the defence of the United States in general, and of the state aforesaid, in particular.
That, at the session held in February instant, Col. Barton informed the Assembly that he had an appointment from the Most Honorable the Continental Congress, with the rank and pay of colonel, but at present without command; and that being most ardently desirous of exerting his utmost abilities against the common enemy, he was willing, provided he could obtain permission of His Excellency General Washington, to command the said regiment, upon his pay from the Continent only; by which means he should also be freed from the disagreeable situation of receiving the public money without being in actual service.
And that the Assembly taking the same into consideration, voted that Col. Barton having received a Continental appointment, and being liable to be called from the command of said regiment, and the service of this state, upon the shortest notice, did thereby vacate his office in said brigade; and then appointed Col. Topham to the command of said regiment.
- - - - - - - - - -
Whereas, for the preservation of the rights and liberties of the United States, it is necessary that the whole powers of government should be exerted in recruiting the Conti- [*359] nental battalions; and whereas, His Excellency Gen. Washington hath enclosed to this state a proposal made to him by Brigadier General Varnum, to enlist into the two battalions, raising by this state, such slaves as should be willing to enter into the service; and whereas, history affords us frequent precedents of the wisest, the freest, and bravest nations having liberated their slaves, and enlisted them as soldiers to fight in defence of their country; and also whereas, the enemy, with a great force, have taken possession of the capital, and of a greater part of this state; and this state is obliged to raise a very considerable number of troops for its own immediate defence, whereby it is in a manner rendered impossible for this state to furnish recruits for the said two battalions, without adopting the said measure so recommended.
It is voted and resolved, that every able-bodied negro, mulatto, or Indian man slave, in this state, may enlist into either of the said two battalions, to serve during the continuance of the present war with Great Britain.
That every slave, so enlisting, shall be entitled to, and receive, all the bounties, wages, and encouragements, allowed by the Continental Congress, to any soldier enlisting into their service.
It is further voted and resolved, that every slave, so enlisting, shall, upon his passing muster before Col. Christopher Greene, be immediately discharged from the service of his master or mistress, and be absolutely FREE as though he had never been encumbered with any kind of servitude or slavery.
And in case such slave shall, by sickness or otherwise, be rendered unable to maintain himself, he shall not be chargeable to his master or mistress; but shall be supported at the expense of the state.
And whereas, slaves have been, by the laws, deemed the property of their owners, and therefore compensation ought to be made to the owners for the loss of their service,—
It is further voted and resolved, that there be allowed, [*360] and paid by this state, to the owner, for every such slave so enlisting, a sum according to his worth; at a price not exceeding £120 for the most valuable slave; and in proportion for a slave of less value.
Benjamin Quarles and Leslie H. Fishel Jr., The Negro American, A Documentary History (1967) Ch. 25-26; pp. 51-52
25NEGROES IN THE CONTINENTAL ARMY
By the summer of 1778 the Continental army, like those of most of the states, was accepting Negroes. Indeed, a Negro was far more likely to serve in the Continental line than in the state forces. Service in the former was less preferable, since the period of enlistment was longer and the soldier had to be prepared to go to any theater of war, rather than remain within the borders of his own state.
Since the Negro volunteer was not, as a rule, in a position to choose between the state and federal armies, he generally found himself in the latter. The official return below, signed by Adjutant General Alexander Scammell on August 24, 1778, gives the numbers as of that date.
RETURN OF THE NEGROES IN THE ARMY, 24TH AUGT. 1778 BRIGADES
[Table omitted]
(signed) Alex Scammell, adj. Gen*
[woodpusher: the return table provided for 15 units with Black enlistees shows the number Present; Sick Absent; On Command; and Total. At bottom, it shows the overall total for the 15 units:
586 Present;
098 Sick Absent;
071 On Command
755 TOTAL26
A DRAFT SUBSTITUTE
The Rhode Island slave enlistment bill led to the formation of a predominantly colored unit (except for its officers) for the Rhode Island First Regiment. Other states, including some south of the Mason-Dixon Line, had second thoughts about excluding Negroes from arms-bearing.
Maryland's need for manpower led her to include the free Negro in the lists of draft eligibles and to authorize slave enlistments with the consent of their masters.
Virginia, though not permitting slaves to bear arms, lifted the ban on free Negro soldiers. In Georgia there were instances, even if not numerous, of a slave serving as a draft substitute for his master. Austin Dabney of Burke County was an example. Freed to enlist to replace his master, Dabney served in Colonel Elijah Clark's artillery corps. In the Battle of Kettle Creek in 1779, Dabney's thigh was broken. Forty years later the Georgia legislature voted him 112 acres of land as a reward for his "bravery and fortitude . . . in several engagements and actions" against the British. Below is an attestation of Dabney's service.
*George Washington Papers (Library of Congress), LXXXII—volume entitled, "1778, Aug. 17-30."
State of Georgia
These are to certify, That Austin Dabney was an Inhabitant of this State prior to the Reduction thereof by the British Arms, and was a Refugee from the same, during which Time he cheerfully did his Duty as a Soldier and Friend to this and the United States.
Given under my Hand, this Second Day of Febry 1784, Elijah Clark, Col.
By his Order W. Freeman*
…
*Original manuscript, Georgia Department of Archives and History (Atlanta).
You could have saved yourself a lot of trouble and stopped there. That is true, but that was "forgotten" long before the Civil War.
Fighting for Freedom, Black Union Soldiers of the Civil War
The was no Republican convention or Republican nominee in 1864. Lincoln teamed up with Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate and they won the nomination at the convention of the National Union Party, and the pair won election as members of the National Union Party.
I'm not sure what your point was here. In 1864 the Democrats in the House managed to block passage of the 13th Amendment. The American voters in the Union replaced many of them with Republicans, and in 1865 the 13th Amendment was passed and sent to the states for ratification.
Usenet "As a Usenet discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches one
I understand your point. My only point was that when all was lost, Hitler's response was something to the effect of "I didn't want this". I saw the same in the comments you posted from Jefferson Davis in 1865, when he tried to distance himself from slavery.
Obviously, God loves Dixie. Hitler and the rest of y'all not so much. See how that works?
Careful about invoking God. He loves you by grace, not because of how wonderful you are. From the looks of that map and based on your comments He loves Illinois too, so I guess Mayor Lightfoot isn't so bad after all.
And are you assuming I live in one of those high occurrence areas?