[Svartalfiar]

There was no secession in either occasion.

So how, exactly, does secession take place? I mean if the Declaration of Independence or Articles of Secession don't cut your standard, then what does?

[rockrr]

All legitimate secessions occur bilaterally.

[arrogantsob]

The Constitution can be changed only by amendment.

In order for a state to legally leave the Union it would at the least require law sanction.

Most of the Southern states were created by the federal government and it had property in all of them.

[arrogantsob]

That was an insurrection which the federal government is EXPLICITLY empowered to repress insurrections in the Constitution. See Article 1, Section 10, paragraph 3 and tell me what that says