Not following you here ... do you mean the distinction between what federal restrictions are and are not justified by Constitutional national security concerns? If so, what are the justified restrictions?
Yes, and that’s the hard part that needs defining. A real and definable threat to our ability to produce enough scientist, engineers, etc to support our maintaining a lead in high tech, dual use, technology would be an example, but that’s not clearly enough by itself. You also have to have the human resources capable of fielding an army, air force, and navy. You also have to the human resources to man critical field of medicine, industry, etc, etc. In other words a society of drunks and drug addicted youth wont work. But codifying that at a federal level would/will be difficult to do without crossing the 10th amendment.
I think parts of the problem are easier to codify than others. An earlier comment on use of interstate commerce law seemed like it would be appropriate, as well as continued enforcement of the national borders against drug cartels. But if we now have our own legal ‘cartel’ industries in certain states, that really does make this a complex problem to address.