Neoconservatism (commonly shortened to neocon) is a political movement born in the United States during the 1960s among Democrats who became disenchanted with the party's domestic and especially foreign policy. Many of its adherents became politically famous during the Republican presidential administrations of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. Neoconservatives peaked in influence during the administrations of George W. Bush and George H W Bush, when they played a major role in promoting and planning the 2003 invasion of Iraq
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The founders of ‘neoconservatism’ are Irving Kristol and Norman Podhoretz, and their influence was centered in ‘Commentary’ magazine, a secular Jewish intellectual institution. Certainly there were non-Jewish neocons such as Daniel Patrick Moynihan.
These days, ‘neocon’ is just an insult almost devoid of meaning.