Posted on 07/23/2015 10:17:08 AM PDT by Eurotwit
NASA's Kepler mission has confirmed the first near-Earth-size planet in the “habitable zone” around a sun-like star. This discovery and the introduction of 11 other new small habitable zone candidate planets mark another milestone in the journey to finding another “Earth.”
The newly discovered Kepler-452b is the smallest planet to date discovered orbiting in the habitable zone -- the area around a star where liquid water could pool on the surface of an orbiting planet -- of a G2-type star, like our sun. The confirmation of Kepler-452b brings the total number of confirmed planets to 1,030.
"On the 20th anniversary year of the discovery that proved other suns host planets, the Kepler exoplanet explorer has discovered a planet and star which most closely resemble the Earth and our Sun," said John Grunsfeld, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate at the agency’s headquarters in Washington. “This exciting result brings us one step closer to finding an Earth 2.0."
Kepler-452b is 60 percent larger in diameter than Earth and is considered a super-Earth-size planet. While its mass and composition are not yet determined, previous research suggests that planets the size of Kepler-452b have a good chance of being rocky.
While Kepler-452b is larger than Earth, its 385-day orbit is only 5 percent longer. The planet is 5 percent farther from its parent star Kepler-452 than Earth is from the Sun. Kepler-452 is 6 billion years old, 1.5 billion years older than our sun, has the same temperature, and is 20 percent brighter and has a diameter 10 percent larger.
“We can think of Kepler-452b as an older, bigger cousin to Earth, providing an opportunity to understand and reflect upon Earth’s evolving environment," said Jon Jenkins, Kepler data analysis lead at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, who led the team that discovered Kepler-452b. "It’s awe-inspiring to consider that this planet has spent 6 billion years in the habitable zone of its star; longer than Earth. That’s substantial opportunity for life to arise, should all the necessary ingredients and conditions for life exist on this planet.”
To help confirm the finding and better determine the properties of the Kepler-452 system, the team conducted ground-based observations at the University of Texas at Austin's McDonald Observatory, the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mt. Hopkins, Arizona, and the W. M. Keck Observatory atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii. These measurements were key for the researchers to confirm the planetary nature of Kepler-452b, to refine the size and brightness of its host star and to better pin down the size of the planet and its orbit.
The Kepler-452 system is located 1,400 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. The research paper reporting this finding has been accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal.
In addition to confirming Kepler-452b, the Kepler team has increased the number of new exoplanet candidates by 521 from their analysis of observations conducted from May 2009 to May 2013, raising the number of planet candidates detected by the Kepler mission to 4,696. Candidates require follow-up observations and analysis to verify they are actual planets.
Twelve of the new planet candidates have diameters between one to two times that of Earth, and orbit in their star's habitable zone. Of these, nine orbit stars that are similar to our sun in size and temperature.
“We've been able to fully automate our process of identifying planet candidates, which means we can finally assess every transit signal in the entire Kepler dataset quickly and uniformly,” said Jeff Coughlin, Kepler scientist at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California, who led the analysis of a new candidate catalog. “This gives astronomers a statistically sound population of planet candidates to accurately determine the number of small, possibly rocky planets like Earth in our Milky Way galaxy.”
These findings, presented in the seventh Kepler Candidate Catalog, will be submitted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. These findings are derived from data publically available on the NASA Exoplanet Archive.
Scientists now are producing the last catalog based on the original Kepler mission’s four-year data set. The final analysis will be conducted using sophisticated software that is increasingly sensitive to the tiny telltale signatures of Earth-size planets.
Ames manages the Kepler and K2 missions for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, managed Kepler mission development. Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation operates the flight system with support from the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado in Boulder.
Earth mk2.
Actually we are probably Kepler-452b mk2 :)
Sounds like a good home for all liberals.
More likely it is Venus mk2.
XO-Planet Ping!.........................
There you go. 1500 light years out is basically right on top of us.
This again seems to establish our galaxy region alone likely is home to thousands of planets similar to earth. The universe could have hundreds of billions of earth like planets.
After watching Interstellar, I’m a little more pessimistic about space travel. Unless we have time-travelling descendants giving us a wormhole to travel to these places, we’re in for a loooong trip.
If you can get up to a decent fraction of the speed of light with time dilation it would take I believe one generation aboard the ship to reach this Earth like planet although it would thousands of years in Earth time.
Basically right on top of us. If Voyager was headed in that direction it would only take 26.6 million more years to get there.
NASA Budget time ping!
There should have been millions of ‘voices’ out there... billions and billions as Carl Sagan would say... And there’s not. Something doesn’t add up...
Btw. I was watching the NASA presser.
They said SETI had surveyed the system, but no radio signals detected...
See post 11....
Makes it easier for SETI to decide which stars to monitor.
Just a hunch but I’d bet a cup of coffee there are likely a whole lot of planetary systems scattered over the entire universe which are near duplicates of earth.
It would be pretty close to impossible to get actual radio signals from another solar system. By the time it got to us it would be so diffused that it’d be indistinguishable from background noise.
Sure we can “hear” stars and such, but what is the chance of an alien species putting that much power into a broadcast... not much.
A Dead World , last controlled by Liberals ?
They do not want to have anything to do with us.
Then again, we've only used them for 90 years, and will probably move most transmissions to closed circuit media soon.
So there may be only about a century long "window" of transmissions.
The Earth and Sun are younger so in about 6 billion years when our sun begins to die that exoplanet won’t be a viable habitat for earthlings. Secondly, it is estimated that in about 3 billion years the Milky Way will collide with Andromeda galaxy, so again will not prove to be a viable habitat for the human race.
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