I see you did not brother to read what I posted, :( I even bolded the part there is says
even though the rules of the Senate specify that ending a filibuster requires the consent of 60 senators
It called cloture, see it takes 60 senators to end debate. Or put another way 41 senators can stop a bill from become law. 41 not 51. One more time 41 senators can stop a bill from becoming law. TPA raises the bar from 41 to 51. It's the nuclear option for trade bills. It the cloture vote.
Cruz "The cloture vote was the vote that mattered" Apr 30, 2015
Not having the ability to end debate through cloture means debate will continue and opponents will need to keep people talking. This very often fails over time and the. the bill goes for its vote.
I don't mind if those rules are changed, but having more restrictive rules has been helpful at times. Still, we have either of the houses that can kill any agreement by a simple majority.