I seem to recall a product that had a sticky side - some kind of paper or fabric - and you could apply it to surfaces to deter scratching. I think the idea was that the cat wouldn’t like the sticky feeling.
Can’t recall where I saw it...but I think it was more useful on upholstered furniture than hard surfaces.
-JT
Tried it ...cat didn't like it but remained persistently determined to remove it from the
fabric-covered-fiberglass panels and actually damaged the panels by peeling the fabric away from the fiberglass. Sigh. In that instance, the panel was up against a basement window well in which we've had small outdoor critters seek shelter during the winter months. My cats are fantastic mousers and she probably thought she could dig through the padded wall to get to whatever she saw out the window.