The Fifth Amendment?
..nor shall any person... be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.
Also, the Fourteenth:... nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
The problem, obviously, is that "personhood" has yet to be defined. The Human Life Amendment is designed to do just that. Pretty sad that in the 21st. century we still haven't forced ourselves to acknowledge the humanity of an unborn child. The Bill of Rights is where the "right to life" is brought up and I'm pretty sure in the eighteenth century it didn't occur to society that such a given had to be spelled out. And we're progressing???
Dittoes Bump to the The Human Life Amendment.
There are many reasons why libs are wrong about abortion being a States Rights issues. For one, you are correct about our amendments outlining due process. Second, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of abortion. The Constitution requires states to adhere to that ruling. We need the Supremes to overule Roe v. Wade. Finally we need an amendment to the US Constitution granting personhood to the unborn.