I was reading about this — did you know that at the time that Edward Longshanks conquered Scotland, the population of England and Wales was just 4 million people? And that of Scotland was 1 to 1.5 million only? I doubt the English were able to control much beyond the castles.
But he stole the Stone of Destiny from Scone!!!
That did it...!
Edward I only temporarily ‘conquered’ Scotland.
In fact, the English were never able to permanently conquer Scotland, be it Longshanks or even Cromwell. Unlike Ireland and Wales (conquered permanently in 1607 and 1284).
There is a Scottish saying: ‘occupied many times, but never conquered’.