[Congressman Billybob]

You have that right.

ALL amendments, once ratified, become part of the Constitution as if written there in the beginning. The "Incorporation Doctrine," on the other hand, was invented in the 20th century by Justices who used the 14th Amendment to apply to the states parts of the Bill of Rights which, on their faces applied only to "Congress."

John / Billybob

[Dead Corpse]

Exactly right. Not sure why this is so hard to understand for so many people.

[RightWhale]

Justices who used the 14th Amendment to apply

The XIV Amend seems to cover just about everything. When you just read it, it doesn't actually say any of that, but under it much of modern USA came into being.