Ping.
Identifying Scandinavian y-chromosomes would seem to be the real problem here. For several hundred years the gene-flow was from Ireland to Scandinavia, so a reverse gene-flow from Scandinavia would simply be invisible.
Ping.
Bjoerndalen, Eftevang, Ingebriktsson, Kjelstrup, Ramsfjell, Skjölsvold, and Ytterhus are some of my Irish friends.
I've heard that the red hair, common in Ireland, is from the Norse. But, now I have to wonder.
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The history I've read concerning Vikings in Ireland is that they attacked the coastline but never made inroads into Eire Proper. The genetic makeup reported in this thread seems to indicate this is true.
Moreover, there was expulsions of Norman and Roman colonialism as well. However, the various Irish chronicles talk of Irish colonialism in Wales, Cornish England, and Scotland with a nod toward Irish seafaring expeditions to North America all occurring between circa 400-800 CE..
It would be great to see the true genetic make-up of all humans. I think it would amaze us where our forefathers have been, whether they be Irish, Zulu, Cherokee, Aztec, Roman, Parthian, Mongol, or Jew.
"Science in the modern world has many uses; its chief use, however, is to provide long words to cover the errors of the rich. The word "kleptomania" is a vulgar example of what I mean. It is on a par with that strange theory, always advanced when a wealthy or prominent person is in the dock, that exposure is more of a punishment for the rich than for the poor. Of course, the very reverse is the truth. Exposure is more of a punishment for the poor than for the rich. The richer a man is the easier it is for him to be a tramp. The richer a man is the easier it is for him to be popular and generally respected in the Cannibal Islands. But the poorer a man is the more likely it is that he will have to use his past life whenever he wants to get a bed for the night. Honour is a luxury for aristocrats, but it is a necessity for hall-porters. This is a secondary matter, but it is an example of the general proposition I offer-- the proposition that an enormous amount of modern ingenuity is expended on finding defences for the indefensible conduct of the powerful. As I have said above, these defences generally exhibit themselves most emphatically in the form of appeals to physical science. And of all the forms in which science, or pseudo-science, has come to the rescue of the rich and stupid, there is none so singular as the singular invention of the theory of races.
"When a wealthy nation like the English discovers the perfectly patent fact that it is making a ludicrous mess of the government of a poorer nation like the Irish, it pauses for a moment in consternation, and then begins to talk about Celts and Teutons. As far as I can understand the theory, the Irish are Celts and the English are Teutons. Of course, the Irish are not Celts any more than the English are Teutons. I have not followed the ethnological discussion with much energy, but the last scientific conclusion which I read inclined on the whole to the summary that the English were mainly Celtic and the Irish mainly Teutonic. But no man alive, with even the glimmering of a real scientific sense, would ever dream of applying the terms "Celtic" or "Teutonic" to either of them in any positive or useful sense."
"That sort of thing must be left to people who talk about the Anglo-Saxon race, and extend the expression to America. How much of the blood of the Angles and Saxons (whoever they were) there remains in our mixed British, Roman, German, Dane, Norman, and Picard stock is a matter only interesting to wild antiquaries. And how much of that diluted blood can possibly remain in that roaring whirlpool of America into which a cataract of Swedes, Jews, Germans, Irishmen, and Italians is perpetually pouring, is a matter only interesting to lunatics. It would have been wiser for the English governing class to have called upon some other god. All other gods, however weak and warring, at least boast of being constant. But science boasts of being in a flux for ever; boasts of being unstable as water.
"And England and the English governing class never did call on this absurd deity of race until it seemed, for an instant, that they had no other god to call on. All the most genuine Englishmen in history would have yawned or laughed in your face if you had begun to talk about Anglo-Saxons. If you had attempted to substitute the ideal of race for the ideal of nationality, I really do not like to think what they would have said. I certainly should not like to have been the officer of Nelson who suddenly discovered his French blood on the eve of Trafalgar. I should not like to have been the Norfolk or Suffolk gentleman who had to expound to Admiral Blake by what demonstrable ties of genealogy he was irrevocably bound to the Dutch. The truth of the whole matter is very simple. Nationality exists, and has nothing in the world to do with race. Nationality is a thing like a church or a secret society; it is a product of the human soul and will; it is a spiritual product. And there are men in the modern world who would think anything and do anything rather than admit that anything could be a spiritual product.
"A nation, however, as it confronts the modern world, is a purely spiritual product. Sometimes it has been born in independence, like Scotland. Sometimes it has been born in dependence, in subjugation, like Ireland. Sometimes it is a large thing cohering out of many smaller things, like Italy. Sometimes it is a small thing breaking away from larger things, like Poland. But in each and every case its quality is purely spiritual, or, if you will, purely psychological. It is a moment when five men become a sixth man. Every one knows it who has ever founded a club. It is a moment when five places become one place. Every one must know it who has ever had to repel an invasion. Mr. Timothy Healy, the most serious intellect in the present House of Commons, summed up nationality to perfection when he simply called it something for which people will die, As he excellently said in reply to Lord Hugh Cecil, "No one, not even the noble lord, would die for the meridian of Greenwich." And that is the great tribute to its purely psychological character. It is idle to ask why Greenwich should not cohere in this spiritual manner while Athens or Sparta did. It is like asking why a man falls in love with one woman and not with another.
"Now, of this great spiritual coherence, independent of external circumstances, or of race, or of any obvious physical thing, Ireland is the most remarkable example. Rome conquered nations, but Ireland has conquered races. The Norman has gone there and become Irish, the Scotchman has gone there and become Irish, the Spaniard has gone there and become Irish, even the bitter soldier of Cromwell has gone there and become Irish. Ireland, which did not exist even politically, has been stronger than all the races that existed scientifically. The purest Germanic blood, the purest Norman blood, the purest blood of the passionate Scotch patriot, has not been so attractive as a nation without a flag. Ireland, unrecognized and oppressed, has easily absorbed races, as such trifles are easily absorbed. She has easily disposed of physical science, as such superstitions are easily disposed of. Nationality in its weakness has been stronger than ethnology in its strength. Five triumphant races have been absorbed, have been defeated by a defeated nationality.
"This being the true and strange glory of Ireland, it is impossible to hear without impatience of the attempt so constantly made among her modern sympathizers to talk about Celts and Celticism. Who were the Celts? I defy anybody to say. Who are the Irish? I defy any one to be indifferent, or to pretend not to know."
GK Chesterton, Heretics chapter XIII
related topics:
Gene Study Shows Ties Long Veiled in Europe
Source: New York Times
Published: 4-10-01 Author: Nicholas Wade
Posted on 04/10/2001 20:56:13 PDT by Pharmboy
http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a3ad3d5dd6874.htm
Genetic Survey Reveals Hidden Celts Of England
The Sunday Times (UK) | 12-02-2001 | John Elliott/Tom Robbins
Posted on 12/06/2001 9:35:33 AM EST by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/584960/posts
Archaeologists Find Celts in Unlikely Spot: Central Turkey (Ellas Go Bragh!?)
The New York Times | December 25, 2001 | JOHN NOBLE WILFORD
Posted on 12/25/2001 3:06:25 PM EST by Pericles
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/596739/posts
English And Welsh Are Races Apart
BBC | 6-30-2002
Posted on 07/04/2002 8:27:12 PM EDT by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/711000/posts
Y Chromosomes Sketch New Outline of British History
NY Times | May 27, 2003 | NICHOLAS WADE
Posted on 05/27/2003 6:49:55 PM EDT by Pharmboy
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/918562/posts
Y Chromosomes Rewrite British History
Nature | 6-19-2003 | Hannah Hoag
Posted on 06/24/2003 1:33:30 PM EDT by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/934748/posts
Full Excavation Of Irish Viking Village?
Discovery News | 10-19-2004 | Rossella Lorenzi
Posted on 10/20/2004 5:02:41 PM EDT by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1251363/posts
London - Red hair may be the genetic legacy of Neanderthals...
Planet Save.com | 1/14/05 | Planet Save.com
Posted on 01/16/2005 3:47:07 PM EST by IGBT
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1322006/posts
Revealed: The softer, caring side of the marauding Viking
Scotsman | Thu 7 Apr 2005 | EDWARD BLACK
Posted on 04/07/2005 3:46:37 AM EDT by nickcarraway
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1378992/posts
DNA Shows Celtic Hero Somerled's Viking Roots
Scotsman | 4-26-2005 | Ian Johnson
Posted on 04/26/2005 1:52:12 PM EDT by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1391468/posts
Irish History Takes a Paternity Test
ScienceNOW Daily News | 21 December 2005 | Michael Schirber
Posted on 12/27/2005 3:10:30 AM EST by neverdem
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1547473/posts
Scientists discover most fertile Irish male
Reuters on Yahoo | 1/17/06 | Siobhan Kennedy
Posted on 01/17/2006 12:16:45 PM EST by NormsRevenge
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1559642/posts
Britons Dedicate Renovated Franklin Home
Forbes/Associated Press | 01.17.2006 | JILL LAWLESS
Posted on 01/17/2006 8:16:05 PM EST by Pharmboy
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1559965/posts
40 posted on 01/18/2006 6:30:54 AM EST by Pharmboy
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1559965/posts?page=40#40
If New York's Irish Claim Nobility, Science May Back Up the Blarney
NY Times | January 18, 2006 | NICHOLAS WADE
Posted on 01/18/2006 12:53:58 AM EST by neverdem
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1560100/posts
Scientist Discover Most Fertile Irish Male
Reuters | 1/17/06 | Siobhan Kennedy
Posted on 01/18/2006 2:34:03 AM EST by strider44
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1560122/posts
DNA Test Can Detect Picts' Descendants
The Telegraph (UK) | 8-14-2006 | Auslan Cramb
Posted on 08/14/2006 9:17:14 PM EDT by blam
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1683720/posts
[and, the first of a number of topics about the Viking invasion-era prayerbook]
Ancient prayerbook found in Irish bog
couriermail.news | July 26, 2006
Posted on 07/25/2006 3:21:17 PM EDT by lunarbicep
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1672039/posts
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Did the Vikings drive natives from the isles?Viking settlers may have "ethnically cleansed" Scotland's islands, waging a genocidal campaign against native Pictish tribes as they arrived, according to evidence uncovered by archaeologists... Work at Langskaill farm, in Westray, shows signs of a Pictish culture vanish abruptly with the arrival of the Scandinavians, underlining the theory that the Northern Isles were taken violently... A Viking-Norse longhouse was unearthed, which was built directly over an earlier earth house and part of a Pictish house, probably indicating a takeover of the site and adjoining lands... In recent years, the image of the Vikings has been transformed from bloodthirsty pagan savages to that of sophisticated merchants with exceptional navigational and engineering skills. The finds on Orkney, however, are expected to reopen the entire debate.
by Stephen Stewart
May 17 2005
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