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To: M. Espinola

The 1889 Krakatau eruption didn't have much of a negative impact on the world at all.

It was simply the local tsunami that killed a lot of people in the immediate area.

Anak Krakatau has also erupted 38 times since 1927 without erupting catastrophically, either, so non-catastrophic eruptions from it are routine.


15 posted on 04/15/2005 3:27:12 AM PDT by Strategerist
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To: Strategerist
The Krakatoa explosion was spectacular. These are some quotes from two Krakatoa related sources:

Although they present little danger to surrounding islands, the eruptions from Anak Krakatau provide a constant reminder of the horror of 1883 - Lest we forget.

'Krakatoa's tremendous explosions were heard throughout the area and beyond, over 1/3rd of the earth's surface. They were heard as far away as 2,200 miles (3,540 kilometers) away in Australia, and even as far away as Rodriguez Island which is 2,908 miles (4,653 km) away to the west-southwest, in the Indian Ocean about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) east of Madagascar.'

'Atmospheric pressure shock waves from the explosions of Krakatoa circled the earth seven times and were recorded by barographs throughout the world. Barographic records documented the shock waves from the paroxysmal explosion of Krakatoa by as many 7 times, as these waves bounced back and forth between the site of the eruption site and its antipodes on the earth for 5 days following the explosion.

'It has been estimated that at least 21 cubic Km (appr. 11 cubic mile) was ejected from the eruption of Krakatoa and that at least 1 cubic mile of the finer material was blown to a height of about 17 miles (27 Km). The volcanic dust blown into the upper atmosphere was carried several times around the earth by air currents. This volcanic dust veil not only created the spectacular atmospheric effects described previously but acted also as a solar radiation filter, reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the surface of the earth.'

source

'In the year following the eruption, global temperatures were lowered by as much as 1.2 degree Centigrade on the average. Weather patterns continued to be chaotic for years and there were major climatological changes which affected the entire globe. Temperatures did not return to normal until five years later, in 1888.'

'The super-eruption of Toba volcano, Sumatra, some 75,000 years ago ejected about 300 times more volcanic ash than the eruption of Tambora in Indonesia in 1815. Tambora’s eruption had significant impact on global climate, producing the “Year Without a Summer” (1816) when Lord Byron wrote his poem Darkness and Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein, and anomalously cool summers in the Northern Hemisphere for the following two years."

source

The way things in general are developing in today's world, a number shocks, various man made, plus acts of God, shall be felt in the near future, some of which having broad-based, deleterious effects on the global economy.

22 posted on 04/15/2005 4:12:22 AM PDT by M. Espinola (Freedom is never free)
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