Scientists Claim To Tap The Free Energy Of Space

Scientists Claim To Tap The Free Energy Of Space by Richard Walters ("For the People" magazine)

Physicist Bruce DePalma has a 100 kilowatt generator, which he invented, sitting in his garage. It could power his whole house, but if he turns it on, the government may confiscate it.

Harvard educated DePalma, who taught physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for 15 years, claims that his electrical generator can provide cheap, inexhaustible, self sustaining and non polluting source of energy, using principles that flout conventional physics and are still not fully understood. His N machine, as it is called, is said to release the "free energy" latent in the space all around us. DePalma views his device as an innovation that could help to end the worlds's dangerous dependence on finite supplies of oil, gas, and other polluting fossil based fuels.

The DePalma generator is essentially a simple magnetized flywheel, ie a magnetized cylindrical conductor rotating at high speed with the help of a motor. His astonishing claim is that the present versions of the N machine can generate up to five times more power than it consumes. This, of course, defies the basic law of the conservation of energy, which says that the output of energy cannot be more than the input. Most physicists simply refuse to look at DePalma's findings and dismiss his theories out of hand.

Yet "proof of principle" for his invention was apparently provided when a large N machine, dubbed the Sunburst, was built in 1978 in Santa Barbara California. The Sunburst machine was independently tested by Dr. Robert Kincheloe, professor emeritus of electrical engineering at Stanford University. in his 1986 report (presented to the Society for Scientific Exploration, San Francisco, 6/21/86), Kincheloe noted that the drag of the rotating magnetized gyroscope is only 13 to 20 percent of a conventional generator operating at an ideal 100 percent efficiency, the DePalma N machine could produce electricity at around 500 percent efficiency.

In Kincheloe's cautious summary: "DePalma may have been right in that there is indeed a situation here whereby energy is being obtained from a previously unknown and unexplained source. This is a conclusion that most scientists and engineers would reject out of hand as being a violation of accepted laws of physics and if true has incredible implications".

"The jury is still out on the DePalma N machine," says physicist Harold Puthoff, a senior fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Austin, Texas. "It isn't clear where the reported excess energy is coming from--whether out of the electromagnetic field or as the result of some anomaly associated with rotating bodies in terms of inertia. The DePalma machine needs to be replicated on a broad scale to see if it actually works. Though I'm rather skeptical, I certainly would encourage independent laboratory experimentation. While such a phenomenon would have seemed to absolutely go against the law of energy conservation a number of years ago, we now recognize that the potential for extracting energy out of so called empty space is in fact a reality". Not So Empty Space

Puthoff, a PhD. from Stanford University, believes that a new, non polluting energy source may be achieved by tapping the force random fluctuations jostling atomic particles within a vacuum. Scientists now know that "empty" space seethes with waft are called vacuum fluctuations: huge amounts of energy that suddenly burst forth, jiggling particles to and fro. Puthoff has developed his own theory, zero point energy, in an attempt to tap the abundant power found in the vacuum of space. He and associates in a new company, Jupiter Technologies, may soon try to manufacture zero-point energy machines.

DePalma described his N machine and outlined a theory to explain its workings in a paper, "On the Possibility of Extraction of Electrical Energy Directly From Space", published in the British science journal, Speculations in Science and Technology (Sept 1990, Vol 13 No 4). So far, the scientific establishment either has ignored DePalma's controversial claims or remains unaware of them.

No one has ever obtained a patent for an N machine in the U.S., although in the San Francisco area alone, there are some 200 patent applications relating to such devices. The U.S. Patent office automatically denies a patent to any gizmo which purports to produce more energy than it consumes, on the grounds that its personnel are not equipped to evaluate such claims. DePalma is quick to point out that the N machine is not a perpetual motion machine, that mythical contraption long sought by frustrated inventors. "The perpetual motion machine is only supposed to run itself. It could never put out five times more power than is put into it. Perpetual motion schemes used conventional energy sources, whereas the N machine is a new way of extracting energy from space".

Other scientists-inventors who attempted to build and operate free energy machines have been intimidated and harassed by the U.S. government. At least one inventor had his device confiscated by the Defense Department on the grounds that its free energy technology endangered national security interests. This inventor was put under a gag order, so that he could not even tell the press that his N machine had been confiscated. This is ironic when one considers that the idea for the N machine came directly from a famous experiment performed by Michael Faraday in 1831. U.S. Not Interested

The U.S. energy monopoly, which pushes for the development of oil, gas, coal, and nuclear power--while defunding solar energy and other non polluting alternatives--apparently does not want to see free energy emerge as a viable option.

Meanwhile, other countries, notably India and Japan, are vigorously pursuing what might prove to be a technological breakthrough. (is this yet one more example of the Invented in USA/Made in Japan" syndrome, the outcome of American shortsightedness and vested interests?) In India, eminent engineer Paramahamsa Tewari is currently testing his invention, called the Space Power Generator (SPG), which essentially replicates DePalma's N machine. With 5 kilowatt total input, the SPG is reportedly yielding 30 kilowatt electrical output (correspondence to B. DePalma 8/13/90).

Tewari, a senior engineer with India's Department of Atomic Energy-Nuclear Power Corporation, also directs the Kaiga Project, India's largest atomic power facility, in Karnataka. He freely acknowledges his dept to DePalma, who has shared his experimental results with Tewari for many years. According to Tewari, "The electrical power generated by the Space Power Generator is indeed commercially viable and should be brought to the notice of the general public." He has urged India's Atomic Energy Commission to create an independent research group to advance free energy technology. Tewari also credits John Wheeler, the prominent American physicist and discoverer of the black hole, for his steady encouragement. Wheeler, who had been searching for a mathematical theory that would predict free energy, applauded Tewari for his effort to develop such a theory, and the two scientists corresponded for several years.

The Japan Science Foundation, under Japanese government auspices, awarded grants to two universities and one company to produce models of the N machine and to investigate how it works. Kazama Giken Corporation is commercially supplying small N machines for research and educational purposes. Another Japanese company, Panasonic/National, is also pursuing this technology. Shiuji Inomata, Ph D president of the Japan Psychotronics Institute and senior scientist at the Electrotechnical Laboratory in Ibaraki, has been instrumental in sparking the interest of Japan's scientific community in the N machine.

"One day man will connect his apparatus to the very wheel work of the universe... and the very forces that motivate the planets in their orbits and cause them to rotate will rotate his own machinery" predicted Nikola Tesla, the Croatian born American electrical genius whose discoveries and inventions rival those of Edison. Proponents of the N machine believe that it taps directly into a primordial energy source, meshing with the wheel work of the cosmos.

"Electrical engineering took a wrong turn 160 years ago," according to Tewari, referring to English scientist Michael Faraday's pioneering work of the world's first dynamo. In 1831, Faraday performed a series of experiments which led to the modern electric induction generator, having two moving parts--a rotor and a stator. Faraday moved a wire near the pole of a magnet, producing an electrical potential across the ends of the wire. This induction principle is used in all the electrical generators we use today. And that's precisely what Tewari means by a "wrong turn."

In that same year, 1831, Faraday also performed a simple yet ingenious experiment with a rotating magnetized conductor. The resulting phenomenon (free energy?) has yet to be explained in terms of conventional scientific theory.

By cementing a copper disc on top of a cylinder magnet, and rotating the magnet and disc together, Faraday created an electrical potential. After pondering this phenomenon for many years, he concluded that when a magnet is rotated, its magnetic field remains stationary. Thus, he reasoned, the metal of the magnet moves through its own field, and the relative motion is translated into electrical potential.

Faraday's experiments led him to the revolutionary conclusion that a magnetic field is a property of space itself, not something attached to the magnet, which merely serves to induce or evoke the field.

Known for over 150 years, the Faraday homopolor generator, as his contraption is called, has been viewed by a handful of visionary inventors as a basis for evoking the free energy latent in space. They see is as the prototype for a generator capable of providing its own motive power with additional energy to spare. When the world embraced Faraday's two piece induction generator, whose drawbacks include mechanical friction and electrical losses, the enormous potential of the Faraday homo polar generator was abandoned, in the opinion of free-energy proponents.

Following in Faraday's footsteps, DePalma in 1978 speculated that free energy could be tapped from the matrix of space simply by magnetizing a gyroscope. "I reasoned that the metal of the magnetized gyroscope moving through its own magnetic field, when rotated would produce an electrical potential between the axle and the outer edge of the rotating magnetized flywheel," he explains.

This insight led to his N machine, essentially a one piece rotating magnetized flywheel, "Instead of having a rotor and a stator, as do conventional generators, the n machine only has a rotor.. Half of the flywheel is the north pole, the other half is the south pole. One electrical contact is put on the axle, another contact is placed on the outer edge of the gyroscope, and presto, electricity is taken directly out of the magnet itself."

For 150 years after Faraday's controversial experiment, no one bothered to see whether or not a rotating magnet generator would have to to the same amount of work as a conventional induction generator in order to produce and identical power output. Then, in 1978, the aforementioned Sunburst homopolar generator was built. Tests determined that is output power greatly exceeded the input needed to run the machine, that it was much more efficient that an induction generator. Opinions differ as to the exact mechanisms by which the N machine generates energy. In 1977 Tewari created a minor sensation when he put forth the theory that space is filled with a dynamic medium whose swirling motion is the source of all matter and energy. In his Space Vortex Theory, more fully developed in his 1984 book, Beyond Matter, the Indian engineer inventor postulated that a void lies at the heart of the electron-- a void whose high speed rotation within a vacuum could produce energy from space. Tewari's theory is based on the assumption that the electron has a definite structure, and is not just a homogeneous "droplet" of charge.

According to Tewari, the movement of "voids" in the spinning magnetized cylinder of his Space Power Generator liberates free energy out of the space between the machine's axis and the magnet. He readily admits that this sounds incredible, by the yardstick of known laws of physics. Tewari says he never would have developed his theory had he been trained as a physicist rather than as an engineer, since his ideas differ so radically from conventional physics.

"Tewari's explanation is perfectly possible," comments DePalma. "He is attempting to conceptualize what's happening between the atoms and where the energy is liberated."

"My own approach," continues DePalma, "is that space is all around us like the sea of water the fish swim in. The only way you know it's there is to distort it in some way, and the simplest way to distort space is with a magnet." DePalma maintains that his own conception of magnetism as a distortion of a pre-existent homogeneous field is "the first new thought on the fundamental nature of magnetism since Oersted."

Having taught at MIT as a lecturer in physics for 15 years, DePalma grew increasingly dissatisfied with mainstream physics' explanation of the way things work. His current view of the universe would strike many conventional scientists as heresy.

For example, modern science says that energy is a constant substance in the universe, and that the conversion of energy from one form to another will lead to the heat-death of the universe eon from now. In contrast, says DePalma, "My cosmos is an open-ended universe, one in which energy can be evoked from space itself. All energy come from space," he maintains, "and there are various processes which can release this energy, the simplest of which is lighting a match or rubbing two sticks together."

Suppose you light a candle. The heat in the flame derives from the release of latent heat stored in the wax, according to the textbooks. Nonsense says DePalma. "The law of energy conservation is pure assumption," he insists. In his theory, the heat of a lit candle comes from space, and this substrate is slowly consumed by the energy of space flowing through it.

When you drive a car, the heat latent in the gasoline is extracted through burning, which propels the pistons. Right? Wrong says DePalma. His understanding of the process is that the gasoline-air mixture, catalyzed by an electric spark, acts as a "molecular antenna" to release energy from space. Heat energy thus released cooks or burns the substance which is evoking it in the first place, producing exhaust.

Likewise, when a magnet is rotated in the N-machine, DePalma theorizes, the electrical current comes from the space through which the magnet is drawing its energy, not from the magnets mechanical rotation.

DePalma's approaches to other basic phenomena are equally unorthodox. In the mid-1970's he performed the "Spinning Ball Experiment," which purportedly demonstrated that a rotating object will fall faster or go higher than an identical non rotating object with the same initial velocity. If true, these results fly in the face of all knows physics. The experimental procedure is simple: Take a steel ball bearing (the kind used in a pinball machine), set it rotating, drop it, and measure how fast it falls. Compare its time with that of an identical but non-rotating control ball.

DePalma explained his anomalous results in terms of free energy added to the motion of the rotating object. Those and other experiments led him to formulate radical new concepts of rotation, gravity, inertia and motion in general building on the work of pioneers in the field. He published his findings on the Spinning Ball Experiment in the British Scientific Research Association Journal in 1976. He also outlined the Spinning Ball Experiment to Dr. Edward Purcell, a Harvard physics professor, one of the most eminent experimental physicists at that time. According to DePalma, Purcell, after contemplating the experiment for several minutes, blurted, "This will change everything."

"Applied physics is not engraved in stone," says Don Kelly, president of the Space Energy Association (SEA/US), a group of engineers, scientists, and inventors dedicated to developing free-energy technology. Today's free-energy scene encompasses a bewildering array of devices, including N machine, Russian plasma generators, a Swill hybrid converter (combining free-energy components and solid state methods), permanent magnet motors (PMMs), the multiple-coil Hubbard Generator, and various hydrogen power systems.

A standout among the latter group is the "Enerex" H20 unit invented by Yoshiro Nakmatsu, known as the "Edison of Japan." This prolific inventor--father of the floppy disk--claims that his pollution free Enerex unit runs on tap water alone and can generate three times as much power as a standard gasoline engine. An H20 splitter, the Enerex produces hydrogen as the working fuel.

Kelly notes that Germany, Switzerland, Japan, Korea and the Netherlands all have active free-energy research associations, with which SEA/US exchanges information. Nevertheless, he feels that the nascent free energy technology faces opposition in the United States from government agencies, academics, and vested industrial interests. Kely envisions free energy eventually gaining acceptance and application through a grassroots movement of do-it-yourselfers around the country.

SEA/US publishes an interesting quarterly newsletter, available to members. (Contact : Jim Kettner, Space Energy Association, PO Box 1136, Clearwater, FL 33757-1136, USA. Tel : 954-749-6553 Membership dues are $35 per year).

DePalma Energy Corporation has not sold a single machine yet. To build an N machine by hand, the company charges around $500,000. Bruce DePalma claims that, if mass produced, the cost of his machine would drop to a mere $400 to $500. He points out that a typical 100 kilowatt AC generator costs a little over $100,000, and add that an N machine putting out the same amount of power could be manufactured for one third to one half the cost in regular production. His goal is to set up technology sharing agreements with clients who would manufacture his machine.

Surveying the variety of electro-magnetic free energy units available or on the drawing boards, Don Kelly concluded that most of them are plagued by fuzzy applied physics, lack of technical and financial support, and "a distinct cost effectiveness problem." However, Kelly singled out the DePalma N machine as "the mainstay for this F/E category" and "the best of the F/E units for its potential today." He gave the N machine a high "KISS rating" (KISS=Keep it simple and stupid) due to the machines simple, one-piece rotor performs better than today's conventional two piece generators.

The gyroscope with its anomalous properties, so crucial to the N machine, is also finding applications in antigravity and space propulsion. Eric Laithwaite, electrical engineering professor at Royal Imperial Technical College, London England, employed the gyroscope in an antigravity machine which he invented. Laithwaite is best know as the discoverer of the linear electrical motor use to propel high speed trains in Japan. After making contact with a couple of English inventors who, in dreams, had seen how a gyroscope could be used to generate a force against space, he devised his antigravity device and, in 1974, demonstrated it in front of an audience at the Royal Imperial Technical College.

The machine, which weighed approximately 20 pounds when not running, reportedly DECREASED in weight to 15 pounds when running. This effect was said to be due to antigravity. Laithwaite's experiment created a sensation and was written up in papers around the world.

A more sophisticated version of the Laithwaite antigravity machine, invented by Scottish engineer Sandy Kidd, is being tested at Edinburgh University. British Aerospace and the European Commission (the body which runs the Economic Community) are helping to fund the test, which may prove whether it is possible to defy gravity and Newtonian principles.

The test will investigate several other similar antigravity devices as well. Testing is under the supervision of Stephen Salter, a professor of engineering design, well known for his work in deriving energy from ocean wave power using large floating objects crammed full of gyroscopes.

The Kidd antigravity machine consists of a system of gyroscopes said to produce inertial thrust without reciprocal reaction, thus turn on its head Newton's Third Law of Motion. (The third law states that when a force acts on a body--every action produces an equal and opposite reaction).

Kidd claims that a spacecraft powered by his propulsion design could travel millions of miles into space, carrying a minimal payload of fuel to power the gyroscopes.

So far, the amount of thrust claimed to have been produced under laboratory conditions has been measured in ounces. But his is a claim which can not be ignored, according to Dr. Ron Evans, Principal Engineer for Future Concepts in British Aerospace's military aircraft division. While Evans expressed skepticism about the underlying cause of Kidd antigravity machines's anomalous effects, he said, "If the laws we have been brought up to believe in are wrong, then we would be silly to ignore this. It would be nice if it (the Kidd machine) worked and would open whole new fields."

In India, eminent engineer Paramahamsa Tewari is currently testing his invention, called the Space Power Generator (SPG), which essentially replicates DePalma's N machine.

Two, one, two, three, four
Ev'rybody's talking about
Bagism, Shagism, Dragism, Madism,
Ragism, Tagism
This-ism, That-ism, is-m, is-m, is-m
All we are saying is give piece a chance,
All we are saying is give piece a chance
C'mon
Ev'rybody's talking about ministers,
Sinister, Banisters
And canisters, Bishops, Fishops,
Rabbis, and Pop eyes, Bye, bye, bye byes
All we are saying is give peace a chance,
All we are saying is give peace a chance
Let me tell you now
Revoluton, evolution, masturbation,
Flagellation, regulation, integrations,
Meditations, United Nations, Congratulations
Ev'rybody's talking about
John and Yoko, Timmy Leary, Rosemary,
Tommy Smothers, Bobby Dylan,
Tommy Copper, Derek Taylor, Norman Mailer,
Allen Ginsberg, Hare Krishna,
Hare Krishna...
Hm, my lord (hare krishna)
My, my, my lord (hare krishna)
Oh hm, my sweet lord (krishna, krishna)
Oh-uuh-uh (hare hare)
Now, I really want to see you (hare rama)
Really want to be with you (hare rama)
Really want to see you lord (aaah)
But it takes so long, my lord (hallelujah)
Hm, my lord (hallelujah)
My, my, my lord (hare krishna)
My sweet lord (hare krishna)
My sweet lord (krishna krishna)
My lord (hare hare)
Hm, hm (gurur brahma)
Hm, hm (gurur vishnu)
Hm, hm (gurur devo)
Hm, hm (maheshwara)
My sweet lord (gurur sakshaat)
My sweet lord (parabrahma)
My, my, my lord (tasmayi shree)
My, my, my, my lord (guruve namah)
My sweet lord (hare rama)

http://www.wordiq.com/definition/History_of_perpetual_motion_machines

In 1986, Bruce De Palma claimed development of an overunity machine (referred to as the "N-Machine") that was described as a closed path Homopolar generator with output four times more power than consumed. De Palma was been unwilling to help independent investigators, like PSITRON, analyze his device. One Electrical Engineering professor analysed this device, but skeptics claim the investigation contained a measurement error. De Palma was an associate of Richard C. Hoagland. De Palma died in 1997.

http://www.tinaja.com/glib/bashpseu.pdf

A homopolar generator is the only known
true dc generator. You build one by placing a rotating
conducting disk in a uniform magnetic field and collecting
the radial current. Homopolar generators feature extremely
high currents at quite low voltages. They tend to be rather
inefficient due to the current collection problems.
The nonobvious part comes from the fact that general
relativity demands that you cannot tell if a perfectly uniform
magnetic field is rotating or translating. It took us over a
century to straighten out the weird behavior of the Faraday
Disk version of the homopolar machine. The generation of
a homopolar disk depends only upon the strength of the
magnetic field and the relative speeds of the machine’s
stator and rotor. It does not matter in the least whether the
magnets themselves are rotating or not.
While not at all obvious, counter torques and counter
emf’s very definitely do exist in all homopolar machines,
just as they must in all electrical generators. No "overunity"
operation of any homopolar device has ever been shown.
Such claims are most often caused by improper ac power
measurement and misunderstanding reaction torques.

http://phact.org/e/z/freewire.htm

The homopolar motor
If you pump a huge current into the disk the magnetic field will generate enough force on it to make it rotate despite the brush friction. (Early experimenters made contact to the rim of the disk by making it pass through pools of mercury. Since mercury vapor is rather poisonous this is not done any more.) Unfortunately, generating large direct currents at low voltages is a notoriously inefficient process. AC can be transformed down to get a low voltage but the rectifying device needed to convert the output to DC tends to drop about half a volt, making the efficiency less than 50% before you start moving anything. About the only device which can generate large currents at low voltages at all efficiently is, you guessed it, a homopolar generator.

Defeating your own object
One hopeful inventor thought that you could generate an output voltage without generating a reverse force by attaching the magnets generating the field to the rotating disk. Unfortunately, this doesn't work. Only relative motion of the field and the current carrying disk generates a voltage. What misled this inventor was that he did measure a voltage when he connected a meter between the shaft and the rim of the disk. He hadn't realized that the ring magnets were generating two fields, one in the disk between the magnets and another toroidal field in the space around the disk. The disk wasn't generating a voltage but the wire leading to the meter was being cut by this rotating field and was generating a small voltage. Connecting a current meter would have shown an output current. However, this current would have reacted on the rotating field to slow the disk down. As I said before, you have to consider what is happening
everywhere in the system, not just focus on one part of it and ignore the rest.

The effect was the same as if the disk and magnets were stationary and a contact had been spun round the edge of the disk. The wire going to the contact would have been moving in a magnetic field and all the usual rules would apply.

Conclusion
No arrangement of wires and magnetic fields and moving parts is going to generate more electrical power than the input mechanical power or generate more mechanical power than the input electrical power. If you want to experiment, by all means have fun, but please don't think you are going to bring about an energy revolution. Above all, spend only your own money, not other people's unless you want to spend the rest of your life dodging irate investors.

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

OCTOBER SUPRIZE