Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

Predicting the Nature of War in 2034
July 27, 2004

Posted on 07/27/2004 6:39:27 PM PDT by Cannoneer No. 4

How will warfare change in the next 30 years? Military leaders, and the people they protect, are always trying to figure this out. There’s an easy way to get a good insight on answering this question. Simply go back to 1884 and note the state of warfare and military technology at the time, then advance, 30 years at a time, until you reach 2004. At that point, making an educated guess at what 2004 will be like will like will be, if not easy, at least a lot less daunting..

In 1884, most infantry were using single shot, black powder rifles. The United States did not adopt the newfangled smokeless powder until 1892, a few years after it became widely available. The modern machine-gun had been invented in 1883, but armies did not start adopting for several years. Artillery was still short ranged, not very accurate, and could only fire at targets the crew could see. Horses pulled or carried stuff, and the infantry marched a lot. Communications still relied on the telegraph, a recent invention that had revolutionized, in only forty years, the way commanders could talk to each other over long distances. They could now do it in minutes. This was a big change for warfare. Very big.. At this time telephones were all local, and not portable. Cavalry was still important for scouting, although less useful for charging infantry (a trend that began when infantry got muskets with bayonets two centuries earlier.)

By 1914, 30 years of unprecedented changes had an enormous impact on warfare. This was largely because the industrial revolution had unleashed so much new technology. This is a process that continues, at an increasing rate. By 1914, all the troops had smokeless powder rifles. This made the infantry much more lethal, and made the modern sniper possible. The new rifles (millions of which are still in use) fired faster, more accurately, without a cloud of smoke, and were far more effective than the 1884 models. The modern machine-gun had arrived, and every infantry battalion had a at least a few of them. Artillery was much more accurate, and capable (due to hydraulic recoil systems). Armies were beginning to use trucks to replace horses, a process that would take another four decades to complete. There were aircraft available now, which proved to be the perfect scouts, able to see what distant enemy troops were up to. Now there was a wireless telegraph (radio), which revolutionized naval warfare. No longer were ships out of touch with their governments for long periods. On the ground, armies were now rapidly laying temporary telephone lines in the field. The critical problem with all this is that the major armies had not figured out exactly what to do with all this new technology. This produced years of stalemate and millions of casualties in World War I.

By 1944, the enormous changes of 1914 had been overtaken by even more dramatic technological advances. Nearly all the major military technologies of the 20th century were present by 1944. This included electronic warfare, smart bombs, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, wire guided missiles, antibiotics (greatly reduced the death rate), assault rifles, radar, aircraft carriers, sonar, portable radios, body armor, armored vehicles, jet aircraft, portable anti-tank rocket launchers, commandoes, operations research, heavy bombers, computers, self guided torpedoes, bottom mines, land mines, chemical warfare, and much more. The transformation was more dramatic than any in history. In less than a century, warfare had become unrecognizable to any pre-20th century soldiers. While the 19th century soldier would be recognizable to someone from the 16th century (when firearms were introduced), change had been relatively show for that three centuries. Military, and political, leaders now had to deal with the speed of change, as well as the changes themselves. It was an entirely new situation in human history.

1974 was, compared to 1944 and 1914, witness to less dramatic change. This was due to one new technology, nuclear weapons (which discouraged wars between the major powers), and the lack of a major war (which always speeded up the development of military technologies.) What had happened by 1974 was that many of the new technologies of 1944 had been perfected, or at least made cheaper and more reliable. There were some new developments. Guided missiles, nuclear weapons, night vision devices, spy satellites, laser range finders and weapons guidance systems, UAVs, remote sensors, ICBMs, SLBMs, composite armor, nuclear submarines, all weather aircraft navigation systems, miniaturized electronics (transistors), heat sensors, and more. Basically, all the neat new stuff from 1944 was now smaller, cheaper, deadlier and more reliable. But the biggest change had not been noted until the 1973 Arab-Israeli war. During that conflict, the speed with which modern weapons and other systems could destroy the enemy, and speed up combat, shocked generals everywhere. At this point, everyone began to ponder the impact of this transformation in the way wars were fought.

In 2004 there were a handful of radical new technologies, like GPS, the Internet, bullet proof body armor, personal (and extremely portable) computers, that transformed warfare more than anyone expected. The 1944 technologies continued to mature, especially when combined with later technologies like miniature computers. The improvements in communications and night vision sensors had made it possible to operate around the clock, and attack with more accuracy and deadly effect. Speed had always been a powerful weapon, but now speed included the ability to quickly move anywhere on the planet and attack with enormous firepower. That was seen with dramatic effect in Afghanistan in late 2001. The maturing technologies of 1994 had become a form of warfare possessing unheard of speed and destructive power.

While a 2004 infantryman would have looked like one from 1914, the changes in weapons and equipment were enormous.

So what does this portend for 2034? Faster and deadlier, for sure. Information war will be more than a buzzword by then, because better sensors and data processing technology will make situational awareness (knowing where you, and your enemy are, knowing it first, and acting on it before the other guy does) more decisive than ever.

If the expected breakthrough in batteries (fuel cells) evolves as reliably and cheaply as expected, the 2030s infantryman will be something of a cyborg. In addition to carrying several computers and sensor systems, he will wear body armor that also provides air conditioning. Satellite communications, of course, and two way video. Exoskeletons are already in the works, and may mature by then. But the big new development will be the continued evolution of robotic weapons. The World War II acoustic torpedo (used by the Germans and the allies, from subs as well as the air) was the first truly robotic weapon. You turned it lose, and it would hunt down it’s prey and terminate it. There may be a lot of public uproar over land based systems that have sensors, can use them to hunt, and have weapons that can be used without human intervention. But those systems will be easy and cheap to build by 2034, and as soon as one nation builds them, others will have to follow. By 2034, machines will be fighting other machines more often than they will be looking for the stray human on the battlefield.

But there will be other developments that are more difficult to anticipate. In 1884, most of the 1914 technologies were already known in a theoretical sense. Same with the 1944 technologies in 1914, and so on. What is most difficult to predict is exactly how new tech will be employed. There will be imagination and ingenuity involved there, and that sort of thing is, by its very nature, resistant to prediction.


TOPICS: Extended News; Foreign Affairs
KEYWORDS:
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-80 next last
To: vetvetdoug

ping


41 posted on 07/28/2004 12:27:07 AM PDT by Cannoneer No. 4 (I've lost turret power; I have my nods and my .50. Hooah. I will stay until relieved. White 2 out.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 37 | View Replies]

To: gilliam
A 'networked army' is very vulnerable to terrorists.

Interesting claim, considering that the US Army has been networked for some time now.

42 posted on 07/28/2004 3:43:51 AM PDT by Poohbah ("Beware the fury of a patient man." -- John Dryden)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 8 | View Replies]

To: Khurkris

Yes, armored infantrymen like Knights of the Crusades and the Enemy is still the same.

Eventually the infantryman will be removed from his armor, the tanker will be removed from his tank, the pilot will be removed from the cockpit and the fighting will be done by human assisted remote controlled computerized robots.

One human life is not worth 100,000 muslim lives.


43 posted on 07/28/2004 4:11:34 AM PDT by rageaholic
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 29 | View Replies]

To: sukhoi-30mki
U cannot defeat terror,if u try to separate the wheat from the chaff &as in the case of lunatic Islam -they are one&the same.

Agreed. Terrorism and Islam are inseperable. Mohammad, after all, was the original terrorist.

44 posted on 07/28/2004 4:29:31 AM PDT by rageaholic
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 28 | View Replies]

To: rageaholic
One human life is not worth 100,000 muslim lives.

Muslims aren't human?

Herrenvolk bullshit.

45 posted on 07/28/2004 5:08:24 AM PDT by Cannoneer No. 4 (I've lost turret power; I have my nods and my .50. Hooah. I will stay until relieved. White 2 out.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 43 | View Replies]

To: rageaholic

46 posted on 07/28/2004 5:14:16 AM PDT by Cannoneer No. 4 (I've lost turret power; I have my nods and my .50. Hooah. I will stay until relieved. White 2 out.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 43 | View Replies]

To: Cannoneer No. 4

That picture just goes to show how inhuman our enemies are, forcing a cutie like that to wear all those baggy concealing cloths. ;)


47 posted on 07/28/2004 5:14:45 AM PDT by DreadCthulhu
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 45 | View Replies]

To: Cannoneer No. 4

Well said.


48 posted on 07/28/2004 5:54:51 AM PDT by OKSooner
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 46 | View Replies]

To: Poohbah
A networked army is susceptible to the same vulnerabilities a corporate network is: hackers, magnetic fields, bugs, etc. One terrorist hacker sitting somewhere can cause a lot of kaos to the system. The more you depend on that system for daily opperations, the more kaos the hacker can cause. Something we all need to be aware of.
49 posted on 07/28/2004 6:16:08 AM PDT by gilliam
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 42 | View Replies]

To: Sam the Sham

Do you think that modern weapon systems would be in reach of private outfits? Remember the US Arm was looking at a personal weapons that cost $10K a pop... Imagine EO trying to afford a super tank, or the previously mentioned powered armor.


50 posted on 07/28/2004 6:43:10 AM PDT by Little Ray (John Ffing sKerry: Just a gigolo!)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 17 | View Replies]

To: American in Israel
a herd of horses look like a herd of deer to infra-red sensors

So? In a battle, they'd both get shot down easily enough.

51 posted on 07/28/2004 6:50:26 AM PDT by steve-b (Panties & Leashes Would Look Good On Spammers)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 37 | View Replies]

To: Billthedrill

You forgot the mud, dirt, flies, filth and general nastiness that goes along with combat. And the rain....


Oh... can you promise field rations will taste that good?


52 posted on 07/28/2004 6:50:43 AM PDT by cavtrooper21 (CQB is a very polite way of describing a gunfight at knife-fighting range.......)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 23 | View Replies]

To: Cannoneer No. 4

So what does this portend for 2034? Faster and deadlier, for sure. Information war will be more than a buzzword by then

And (if I may) Counter Information war. Fooling/shutting down enemy sensors will be well in place.


53 posted on 07/28/2004 6:51:38 AM PDT by Valin (Everyone is entitled to their own opinion. It's just that yours is stupid.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: rageaholic

One human life is not worth 100,000 muslim lives.

You DO realize of course that there is no cash prize for making the stupid statement of the day.


54 posted on 07/28/2004 6:55:37 AM PDT by Valin (Everyone is entitled to their own opinion. It's just that yours is stupid.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 43 | View Replies]

To: Little Ray

It could if you owned your very own diamond mine or oil rig.


55 posted on 07/28/2004 7:20:57 AM PDT by Sam the Sham
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 50 | View Replies]

To: rageaholic
One human life is not worth 100,000 muslim lives.

Your way off base and soo wrong....

56 posted on 07/28/2004 7:31:27 AM PDT by blackbag (trust no one)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 43 | View Replies]

To: rageaholic

Terrorism and Islam are inseperable

Really?


57 posted on 07/28/2004 8:00:42 AM PDT by Valin (Everyone is entitled to their own opinion. It's just that yours is stupid.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 44 | View Replies]

To: gilliam
A networked army is susceptible to the same vulnerabilities a corporate network is: hackers, magnetic fields, bugs, etc. One terrorist hacker sitting somewhere can cause a lot of kaos to the system. The more you depend on that system for daily opperations, the more kaos the hacker can cause. Something we all need to be aware of.

Name one instance where this has happened please.

58 posted on 07/28/2004 8:14:59 AM PDT by Centurion2000 (Many a law, many a commandment have I broken, but my word never.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 49 | View Replies]

To: Poohbah
Al Qaeda scientist Hugh Series is, as we speak, probably trying to replicate tiajunna beeber technology in order to stune our armed forces' network.

And that's all I have to say about that.

59 posted on 07/28/2004 8:23:35 AM PDT by Hoplite
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 42 | View Replies]

To: Centurion2000

In 1996 hackers cracked sites and systems at the DOD, Justice Department, the CIA, and NASA.

In 1998 The head of a new US cyber law-enforcement agency says a half dozen substantial attacks have been launched against government computer systems since February.
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,12915,00.html

see:
Hackers tell Senate of federal systems weaknesses
http://www.gcn.com/archives/gcn/1998/june15/hackers_tell_senate_of_federal_s.htm

Cyberterror, Embedded Systems, and the Second Shoe
http://www.embedded.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=9900707

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/washtech/daily/may98/cyberattack052498.htm

http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~cs3604/lib/Hacking/Reformed.html

http://bigblog.com/search.cgi?id=176240486


60 posted on 07/28/2004 8:24:25 AM PDT by gilliam
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 58 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-80 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson