Selling sick puppies almost as profitable as selling drugs?
Don't forget about Monkey Pox and Prairie dogs.
Here is the resulting embargo:
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/monkeypox/animals.htm Embargoed Animals and Monkeypox Virus
December 8, 2003
On June 11, 2003, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a joint order prohibiting the importation of all African rodents into the United States. The joint order also banned within the United States any sale, offering for distribution, transport, or release into the environment, of prairie dogs and six genera of African rodents. The joint order was enacted as part of the public health response to the first reported outbreak of monkeypox in the United States. Below are pictures and the species names of some of the embargoed animals. Click on any image to enlarge it. On November 4, 2003, the joint order was replaced by an interim final rule which maintains the bans on importation of African rodents and the sale, distribution, transport, and release into the environment as previously described.
For additional information about the embargo, see the Restrictions on African Rodents and Prairie Dogs, Interim Final Rule and the Interim Questions and Answers on Interim Final Rule Prohibiting Importation of African Rodents.
Prairie Dogs
Note: Prairie dogs are native to North America.
Cynomys sp.
C. ludovicianus – Black-tailed prairie dog (most common [pictured at bottom])
C. gunnisoni – Gunnison’s prairie dog
C. pavidens – Utah prairie dog (threatened)
C. leucurus – White-tailed prairie dog
C. mexicanus – Mexican prairie dog
And remember the Information we had posted here in previous threads about Falcons beinfrom the Middle East g issued Passports? The get vaccinated with MLV
Copy of Previous Post:
Viruses and bacteria could be genetically engineered to evade the human immune system, to create a more effective biological weapon, a leading researcher into bio-weapons said yesterday.
In the past 30 years biotechnology has been revolutionised by molecular biology and genetic engineering. These techniques, used to control infectious diseases, can also be used to create more effective biological weapons.
Speaking at the conference on the future of weaponry, Professor Kathryn Nixdorff, of the University of Darmstadt, said that dangerous micro-organisms had already been produced inadvertently during attempts to modify vaccines and viruses.
In the veterinary field, there has been a general trend away from the use of modified live vaccines (MLV). Modified live vaccines produce a superior vaccine response compared to a killed vaccine (KV); but, they often create concerns for the animal to revert to virulence. These concerns are magnified when virulence occurs in non-adapted wildlife that people have no control or limited control over.
One of the main concerns is from viral shedding in an immunosuppressed host that is vaccinated with a modified live virus. All falcons that are successfully "infected" (vaccinated) with a modified live virus vaccine can be made to shed the vaccine virus under immunosuppressive conditions. Under normal conditions, vaccinates latently harbor the virus and do not shed. No one can be certain that the shed vaccine virus could not be an introduced pathogen for other wildlife or human hosts.
The modified live viruses that falcons with passports receive to date that are publicly known are:
1. Salmovac-F: S. typhimurium typhimurium live vaccine.
2. DUFAPA: inactivated PMV-1 vaccine (including 4 different strains).
3. ADFA: Falconpox live vaccine.
4. Enterovac-F: Toxoid vaccine including 4 different falcon strains of C. perfringens type A/B.
5. DUFAHE: Falconherpes live vaccine. (Wernery et al., 1999)
Several experts in the field have made the modified live virus vaccines an issue and have publicly stated that because of the potential dangers associated with the use of modified live vaccines that the use of killed viruses (KVs) are completely safe. These experts also suggested that the UAE be more judicious in the production and use of vaccines.