The FReeper Foxhole Profiles Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King - June 28th, 2003

http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq36-3.htm ^

[SAMWolf]

Dear Lord,

There's a young man far from home,
called to serve his nation in time of war;
sent to defend our freedom
on some distant foreign shore.

We pray You keep him safe,
we pray You keep him strong,
we pray You send him safely home ...
for he's been away so long.

There's a young woman far from home,
serving her nation with pride.
Her step is strong, her step is sure,
there is courage in every stride.
We pray You keep her safe,
we pray You keep her strong,
we pray You send her safely home ...
for she's been away too long.

Bless those who await their safe return.
Bless those who mourn the lost.
Bless those who serve this country well,
no matter what the cost.

Author Unknown

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FReepers from the The Foxhole
join in prayer for all those serving their country at this time.

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Fleet Admiral Ernest Joseph King
(1878~1956)

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Ernest Joseph King was born in Lorain, Ohio, on November 23,1878. As a young boy he read an article in the Youth's Companion about the Naval Academy which stimulated his interest towards a Navy career. Upon graduating from Lorain High School in 1897, he was appointed to the Naval Academy by Representative Kerr of the Fourteenth District of Ohio. When he left home, his father, a railway mechanic, gave him a round-trip railway pass in case he might change his mind. He never used the return portion, although he kept it for many years.

In the Summer of 1898, during the Spanish American War, King served as a Naval Cadet in the USS San Francisco, flagship of the Northern Patrol Squadron, for which he received his first decoration, the Sampson Medal. He graduated with distinction in the Class of 1901, and served the two years at sea -- then required by law -- before being commissioned Ensign on June 7, 1903.

His assignments during his first sea cruise included service in USS Eagle surveying Cienfriegas, Cuba, in USS Cincinnati, a protected cruiser in the Asiatic Fleet during the Russo-Japanese War, in USS Illinois, flagship of the European Squadron, and USS Alabama, flagship of the second Division of the Atlantic Fleet.

His first shore duty came in 1906 when he went to the Naval Academy as an instructor in Ordnance and Gunnery for two years, followed by one year on the Executive Staff. Officers who were midshipmen at that time still remember him as a strict but fair duty officer.

There followed another sea cruise of three years beginning as Aide on the Staff of Commander Battleship Division Two, Atlantic Fleet in USS Minnesota, one year as Engineer Officer of USS New Hampshire and one year on the Staff of the Commander in Chief Atlantic Fleet in USS Connecticut.

His next shore cruise started in 1912 in command of the Engineering Experimental Station at Annapolis. After two years, in l914, he went to sea again, this time in destroyers in command of USS Cassin, then as aide to Commander Torpedo Flotilla Atlantic Fleet, Commander Sixth Division of the Flotilla. In 1916 he went to the staff of Admiral H. T. Mayo on which he served during WWI while the Admiral was Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet.



In 1919, Admiral King, then a Captain, became head of the Postgraduate School at the Naval Academy. Following that tour of duty, he commanded USS Bridge for a short period. In July 1922, he commenced a series of assignments which placed him in intimate contact with submarine operations when he was assigned to duty on the staff of Commander Submarine Flotillas, Atlantic Fleet, and as Commander Submarine Division Eleven. In 1923 he took command of the Submarine Base at New London with additional duty as Naval Inspector of Ordnance in Charge of the Mine Depot there. It was during this period in September 1925 that he was in charge of the salvage of USS S-51 which was sunk off Block Island.

Having had sea duty in destroyers, submarines and battleships, Captain King now began his career in Naval Aviation which was then taking its place in the Fleet. In 1926 he took command of the aircraft tender USS Wright with additional duties as Senior Aide on the Staff of Commander Air Squadrons, Atlantic Fleet, In January of 1927, he reported to the Naval Air Station, Pensacola for flight training and was designated naval aviator 3368 in May of that year. He rejoined Wright on completion of this training. When USS S-4 was sunk in December of that year off Provincetown, however, he was again assigned to command of her salvage operations.

Upon completion he returned to his command of the Wright, and had a short cruise as Commander Aircraft Squadrons, Scouting Fleet, until 1928, when he went ashore as Assistant Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics. In 1929 he assumed command of the Naval Air Station, Norfolk, Virginia. In June of 1930 he went to sea in command of USS Lexington for a two year cruise in that ship. He then had a year in the senior officers' course at the Naval War College. In 1933, with the rank of Rear Admiral, he became the Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics until 1936. During the next five years, except for the year 1940 on the General Board he commanded Aircraft Base Force, Aircraft Scouting Force, and as a Vice Admiral in 1938, Aircraft Battle Force. In February 1941, he was given the rank of Admiral as Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet and on 30 December of that year he became Commander-in-Chief, U. S. Fleet. In March 1942, the President by Executive Order, combined the office of Commander in Chief and the Chief of Naval Operations, and Admiral King assumed those combined duties on 18 March, when he relieved Admiral Stark as Chief of Naval Operations, the first and only officer to hold such an assignment. On 17 December 1944 he was advanced to the newly created rank of Fleet Admiral.



In 1945, when the position of Commander in Chief, U. S. Fleet ceased to exist, as an office established by the President pursuant to Executive Order 99635, Admiral King became Chief of Naval Operations in October of that year. In December he was relieved by Fleet Admiral Nimitz. From that time he served in an Advisory Capacity in the office of the Secretary of the Navy, and as President of the Naval Historical Foundation. He died at the Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, New Hampshire on 25 June 1956.

USS King (DLG-10, later DDG-41) was named in honor of Fleet Admiral King.

PROMOTIONS

• Graduated from the Naval Academy - Class of 1901
• Ensign - June 7, 1903
• Lieutenant (junior grade) - June 7, 1906
• Lieutenant - June 7, 1906
• Lieutenant Commander - July 1, 1913
• Commander - July 1, 1917
• Captain - September 21, 1918
• Rear Admiral - November 1, 1933
• Vice Admiral - January 29, 1938
• Admiral- February 1, 1941
• Fleet Admiral - December 17, 1944

DECORATIONS AND AWARDS

• Navy Cross
• Distinguished Service Medal with two gold stars
• Spanish Campaign Medal
• Sampson Medal
• Mexican Service Medal
• Victory Medal, Atlantic Fleet Clasp
• American Defense Service Medal, with bronze "A"
• American Campaign Medal
• World War II Victory Medal
• National Defense Service Medal

[Ernest_at_the_Beach]

Thanks for the ping!

The name drew me in....LOL!

Very informative piece!

And may I strongly recommend this new article:

The Crackup of the Arab Tyrannies?

It is a historical review and is enlightening as to the task ahead!

[SAMWolf]

But I do need a good laugh right now, my humor has escaped and I need someone to capture it.

Does this help?

Cows with guns


Click the pic to listen

Fat and docile, big and dumb
They look so stupid, they aren't much fun
Cows aren't fun

They eat to grow, grow to die
Die to be et at the hamburger fry
Cows well done

Nobody thunk it, nobody knew
No one imagined the great cow guru
Cows are one

He hid in the forest, read books with great zeal
He loved Che Guevera, a revolutionary veal
Cow Tse Tongue

He spoke about justice, but nobody stirred
He felt like an outcast, alone in the herd
Cow doldrums

He mooed we must fight, escape or we'll die
Cows gathered around, cause the steaks were so high
Bad cow pun

But then he was captured, stuffed into a crate
Loaded onto a truck, where he rode to his fate
Cows are bummed

He was a scrawny calf, who looked rather woozy
No one suspected he was packing an Uzi
Cows with guns

They came with a needle to stick in his thigh
He kicked for the groin, he pissed in their eye
Cow well hung

Knocked over a tractor and ran for the door
Six gallons of gas flowed out on the floor
Run cows run!

He picked up a bullhorn and jumped up on the hay
We are free roving bovines, we run free today

We will fight for bovine freedom
And hold our large heads high
We will run free with the Buffalo, or die
Cows with guns

They crashed the gate in a great stampede
Tipped over a milk truck, torched all the feed
Cows have fun

Sixty police cars were piled in a heap
Covered in cow pies, covered up deep
Much cow dung

Black smoke rising, darkening the day
Twelve burning McDonalds, have it your way

We will fight for bovine freedom
And hold our large heads high
We will run free with the Buffalo, or die
Cows with guns

The President said "enough is enough
These uppity cattle, its time to get tough"
Cow dung flung

The newspapers gloated, folks sighed with relief
Tomorrow at noon, they would all be ground beef
Cows on buns

The cows were surrounded, they waited and prayed
They mooed their last moos,
they chewed their last hay
Cows out gunned

The order was given to turn cows to whoppers
Enforced by the might of ten thousand coppers
But on the horizon surrounding the shoppers
Came the deafening roar of chickens in choppers

We will fight for bovine freedom
And hold our large heads high
We will run free with the Buffalo, or die
Cows with guns

Dana Lyons

[SAMWolf]

Thanks Ernest_at_the_Beach

[Darksheare]

Thanks.
I needed that one.

[SAMWolf]

:=) Glad to help.

Hard to hear that and not at least get a "groaner smile"

[Darksheare]

Got the thing bookmarked in winamp.
Who in their right mind wouldn't?
*chuckle*

[Victoria Delsoul]

Nice thread, Sam. Thank you.

Hi everybody! I'm enjoying the beautiful weather. Hope everyone is having a nice time, as well.

[colorado tanker]

Two interesting Navy posts in a row. I'm Army, but my favorite uncle was Annapolis career Navy. He was always good for a few stories. One of the best was when he and a classmate were driving to Long Beach to take up their first assignments they wanted some female companionship but didn't know anyone on the West Coast. So, they pulled up to the Chamber of Commerce and asked if they could fix them up with dates. Sure enough, they fixed up the two Ensigns! Didn't go anywhere though - he later married his High School sweetheart.

The ASW narrative on WWII reminds me of The Enemy Below, one of my favorite war movies. As I recall it was a fight between a one-stacker Destroyer Escort on the West Indies patrol and a U-Boat.

[SAMWolf]

Afternoon Victoria. We're supposed to get up into the 90's today, nice and cool this morning though.

[SAMWolf]

"The Enemy Below" is a great flic. Until "Das Boot" came out it was my favorite sub movie. With Robert Mitchum and Curt Jurgens it was hard to go wrong.

[Victoria Delsoul]

Wow, that's fantastic, Sam. I love warm weather, not very hot. I don't think I could stand the CA weather. LOL!

[Valin]

On This Day In History
(Better late than never)


Birthdates which occurred on June 28:

1490 Albert Margrave of Brandenburg, cardinal (attacked by Luther)
1491 Henry VIII of England (1509-47), Don't lose your head over him
1577 Peter Paul Rubens Siegen, Flemish Baroque painter (Circumcision)
1712 Jean Jacques Rousseau France, social contractor (Confessions)
1787 Sir Henry G W Smith leader of British-Indian forces
1824 Paul Broca France, brain surgeon/anthro (located speech center)
1831 Joseph Joachim Kittsee Germany, violinist (Hungarian Concerto)
1867 Luigi Pirandello Italy, writer (6 Characters-Nobel 1934)
1873 Alexis Carrel France, surgeon/sociologist/biologist (Nobel 1912)
1894 Lois Wilson Pitts Pa, actress (Alice-Aldrich Family)
1902 Pierre Brunet France, figure skater pair (Olympic-gold-1928, 32)
1902 Richard Rodgers Hammels Station NY, composer (Rodgers & Hammerstein)
1903 Alan Bunce Westfield NJ, actor (Albert-Ethel & Albert)
1906 Maria Goeppert Mayer US atomic physicist (Nobel 1963)
1909 Eric Ambler suspense author (Epitaph for a Spy)
1926 Mel Brooks comedian/actor/director (Blazing Saddles, Spaceballs)
1942 Sjoukje Dijkstra Holland, figure skater (Olympic-gold-1964)
1945 David Knights bassist (Pocol Harum)
1946 Bruce Davison actor (Willard, High Risk)
1946 Gilda Radner Detroit, comedienne (SNL-Baba Wawa)
1946 John "Mike" Lounge Denver Colo, astr (STS 51-I, STS 26, STS 35)
1947 Patrick Kincaid who wrote the TODAY program; send him a card
1949 Don Baylor Texas, baseball player (1979 AL RBI leader)
1954 Ava Barber Knoxville Tn, country singer (Lawrence Welk Show)
1955 Nikolai Simyatov USSR, nordic skier (Olympic-3 golds-1976)
1958 Sergei Shakrai USSR, champion figure skater
1960 John Elway NFL QB (Denver Broncos)
1961 Jay Schroeder NFL quarterback (Wash Redskins, LA Raiders)
1961 Jeff Malone NBA guard (Washington Bullets)
1963 Andy Cousin rocker (All About Eve-All About Scarlet & Other Stories)
1966 John Cusack actor (Stand By Me, Sure Thing, Better Off Dead)
1966 Mary Stuart Masterson Houston Tx, actress (Some Kind of Wonderful)
1969 Danielle Brisebois Bkln NY, actress (Archie's Place, Big Bad Mama 2)
1969 Tichina Arnold NYC, actress (Ryan's Hope, Sharla-All My Children)
1970 Jack Stephen Burton actor (Chris-Out of this World, Days of Our Life)
1971 Aileen Quinn actress (Annie)

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Deaths which occurred on June 28:
1776 Thomas Hickey American sergeant convicted of treason, hanged
1836 James Madison 4th US pres, dies in Montpelier, Va
1889 Maria Mitchell 1st US woman astronomer, dies at 71
1909 Israel Durham Phillies president dies
1914 Archduke Ferdinand & wife Sofia of Austria assassinated (starts WW I)
1954 Red deer dies in Milwaukee Zoo at 26; oldest known deer
1962 Mickey Cochrane baseball hall of fame catcher, dies at 59
1963 Frank "Home Run" Baker (hit 2 HRs in 1911 world series) dies at 77
1964 King Calder actor (Lt Grey-Martin Kane Private Eye), dies at 64
1971 Joseph Colombo mobster, shot dead at 48
1974 Frank Sutton actor (Sgt Carter-Gomer Pyle USMC), dies at 55
1975 Rod Serling writer/host (Twilight Zone, Night Gallery), dies at 60
1980 Herbie Faye comedian (Doc, Phil Silvers Show), dies at 81
1985 James Craig actor, dies of lung cancer at 74

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Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 CAVALLI ANTHONY FRANK NEW YORK NY.
[EXPLODE NO PARA BEEP NO ONE OBS]
1966 DUDLEY CHARLES GLENDON BOZEMAN MT.
1966 WOLFE THOMAS HUBERT MONETT MO.
[EXPLODE NO PARA BEEP NO ONE OBS]
1967 BAILEY JAMES W. KOSCIUSKO MS.
[02/18/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE IN 98]
1967 LAWRENCE WILLIAM P. NASHVILLE TN.
[03/04/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE IN 98]
1968 JOHNS PAUL FREDERCK LACONIA IN.


POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

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On this day...
767 St Paul I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1245 1st Council of Lyons (13th ecumenical council) opens
1519 Charles I of Spain, who by birth already held sway over much of Europe and Spanish America, was elected the successor of his late grandfather, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I.
1635 French colony of Guadeloupe established in the Caribbean
1770 Quakers open a school for blacks in Philadelphia
1776 Charleston, SC repulses British sea attack
1778 Battle of Monmouth, NJ
1778 Mary Ludwig Hayes "Molly Pitcher" aids American patriots
1820 Tomato is proven nonpoisonous
1838 Britain's Queen Victoria crowned in Westminster Abbey
1859 1st dog show held (Newcastle-on-Tyne, England)
1861 Leipzig Observatory discovers short-period (6.2 yrs) Comet d'Arrest
1862 Day 4 of the 7 Days-Battle of Savage's Station
1863 General Meade replaces General Hooker three days before the Battle of Gettysburg.
1874 Freedmen's Bank closes
1886 C H F Peters discovers asteroid #259 Aletheia
1887 Phillies most lopsided shut-out beating Indianapolis 24-0
1892 Phillies tie club record of 16 straight victories
1894 Labor Day established as a federal employees holiday
1902 Congress authorizes Louisiana Purchase Expo $1 gold coin
1905 Russian sailors mutiny aboard the battleship "Potemkin"
1909 1st French air show, Concours d'Avation opens
1914 Assassination of the heir to the throne of Austria, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia, in Sarajevo by a Serbian Nationalist,Gavrilo Princip. This incident precipitated a war with Serbia, eventually starting WW1
1918 1st flight between Hawaiian Islands
1919 Carl Mazes pitches a complete double-header against Yanks
1919 Harry S Truman married Elizabeth Virginia Wallace in Independence
1919 Treaty of Versailles ending WW I signed
1923 Dodgers lost 7-0 lead, as Philles score 8 in bottom of 9th
1924 Tornado strikes Sandusky Ohio & Lorain Ohio, killing 93
1928 Alfred E Smith (NY-Gov) nominated for president at Dem Convention
1928 Friedrich Schmiedl attempted rocket mail in Austria (unsucessful)
1939 Pan Am opens southern route transatlantic air service (Dixie Clipper)
1939 Yanks hit 13 HRs, sweep A's 23-2 & 10-0
1940 "Quiz Kids?" premiers on radio
1940 Romania cedes Bessarabia to Soviet Union
1942 Dumont TV network begins (WABD NY)
1945 Polish Provisional Govt of National Unity set up by Soviets
1946 Enrico de Nicola becomes 1st pres of Italy
1950 North Korean forces capture Seoul, South Korea [or 01041951?]
1951 "Amos 'n' Andy" premiers on CBS TV
1956 1st atomic reactor built for private research operates Chicago Ill
1956 Riots break out in Poznan Poland, 38 die
1960 26.42 cm (10.40") of rainfall, Dunmor, Kentucky (state 24-hour record)
1961 Phils & SF set then record longest night game (5h11m) 7-7 15 inn tie
1964 Organization for Afo-American Unity forms in NY by Malcolm X
1965 1st US ground combat forces in Vietnam authorized by Pres Johnson
1965 A R Klemola discovers asteroid #2179 Platzeck
1967 George Harrison is fined œ6 for speeding
1968 Daniel Ellsberg indicted for leaking Pentagon Papers
1971 Fillmore East closes
1971 Phillies' Rick Wise hits 2 HRs & no-hits Reds
1971 Supreme Court overturns draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali
1971 T Smirnova discovers asteroid #3093
1973 Lawsuit in Detroit challenges Little League's "no girls" rule
1973 Black Sports Hall of Fame forms: Paul Robeson, Elgin Baylor, Jesse Owens, Jim Brown, Wilma Rudolph, Joe Louis & Althea Gibson elected
1974 Fall of earth & rocks kill 200. (Quebrada Blanca Canyon, Columbia)
1974 Wings release "Band on the Run" & "Zoo Gang" in UK
1975 David Bowie releases "Fame"
1975 Golfer Lee Trevino is struck by lightning at Western Open (Ill)
1976 The first women enter the U.S. Air Force Academy
1977 Supreme Court allows Federal control of Nixon tapes papers
1978 UNICEF chooses rock group Kansas as ambassadors of goodwill
1978 man claiming reverse discrimination when application was rejected Supreme Court orders Cal medical school to admit Allan Bakke a white
1980 NYC transit fare rises from 50 to 60
1982 Prince Chuck & Lady Di name their baby "William"
1983 Bridge section along I-95 in Greenwich, Ct collapsed kills 3
1983 NASA launches Galaxy-A
1985 Discovery ferried back to Kennedy Space Center via Bergstrom AFB, Tx
1986 Kenneth & Nellie Pike challenge Ala Dem runoff win by AG C Graddick
1987 Don Baylor sets career hit-by-pitch mark at 244 (Pitcher Rick Rhoden)
1987 E F Helin discovers asteroid #3680 Sasha
1988 Mike Tyson sues to break contract with manager Bill Cayton
1990 17th annual Daytime Emmy Awards
1991 In Detroit, a white woman was attacked by a group of black women at a downtown fireworks display in an incident captured on amateur video. (Five women later pleaded no contest to charges stemming from the assault.)
1991 Two people were killed when an earthquake of magnitude 6 shook Southern California.
1991 The Yugoslav army was deployed to Slovenia to take control of airports and border posts and to prevent the republic's declared independence.
1992 Southern California was rocked by a pair of earthquakes that killed one person and injured 402.
1992 French President Francois Mitterrand was cheered as he visited war-torn Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina.
1996 The Citadel voted to admit women, ending a 153-year-old men-only policy at the South Carolina military school.
1997 In a wild rematch, Evander Holyfield retained the WBA heavyweight boxing championship after his opponent, Mike Tyson, was disqualified for biting Holyfield's ear during the third round of their fight in Las Vegas.
2000 Seven months after he was cast adrift in the Florida Straits, Elian Gonzalez was returned to his native Cuba.
2000 The Supreme Court ruled the Boy Scouts can bar homosexuals from serving as troop leaders.
2000 The Supreme Court struck down Nebraska's so-called "partial-birth" abortion law.
2001 A unanimous federal appeals court reversed the court-ordered breakup of Microsoft, but ruled that the software giant had violated antitrust laws, and appointed another judge to determine a new punishment.
2001 Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was handed over by Serbia to the U.N. war crimes tribunal.

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Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"
Gay Pride Day (or national soap-on-a-rope day)
Malta : Mnarja Day-recreate customs of Middle Ages
Iowa : Independence Sunday (1776) - - - - - ( Sunday )
National Dream Work Month

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Religious Observances
Ang, RC, Luth : Feast of St Iren‘us, Bishop of Lyons, martyr

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Religious History
1577 Birth of Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter. His most famous canvasses include 'Descent from the Cross' and 'Erection of the Cross.'
1851 Birth of Eliza E. Hewitt, American Presbyterian church worker and devotional author. Four of her hymns still endure: 'Will There Be Any Stars?', 'More About Jesus I Would Know,' 'When We All Get to Heaven' and 'Sunshine in the Soul.'
1914 Birth of Lester Roloff, American evangelist. In his later years he founded the 'City of Refuge,' a work specializing in reforming children who came from broken homes.
1962 The Lutheran Church in America (LCA) was formed with the merger of four Lutheran synods: the United Lutheran Church in America, the Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church, the American Evangelical Lutheran Church and the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church.
1971 The U.S. Supreme Court declared that state underwriting of nonreligious instruction in parochial schools was unconstitutional.

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.

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Thought for the day :
"The only rose without thorns is friendship."

[SAMWolf]

Our Military Today
The Terminater
meets
The Marines

Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, right, shakes hands with Marines and their families at the Camp Pendleton Marine Corp Base Training Center where he debuted his new film '' Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines,'' Thursday, June 26, 2003 at Camp Pendleton, Calif. (AP Photo/Lenny Ignelzi)


Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger salutes Marines at Camp Pendleton, Calif., Thursday, June 26, 2003. Schwarzenegger and 'Tonight Show' host Jay Leno attended a screening along with 1,300 Marines of 'Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines,' Schwarzenegger's latest movie. (AP Photo/Lenny Ignelzi)


Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, right, is escorted by Maj. Curtis Hill of the U.S. Marines, as he enters the Marine Corp Base Training Center at Camp Pendleton, Calif., Thursday June 26, 2003


Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger shakes hands with Marines and their families at the Marine Corps Base Training Center at Camp Pendleton, Calif., Thursday, June 26, 2003.


Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, center, wades into a crowd of U.S. Marines and their families at the Marine Corp Base Training Center at Camp Pendleton, Calif.,Thursday, June 26, 2003


Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger shakes hands with Marines at the Marine Corp Base Training Center at Camp Pendleton, Calif., Thursday, June 26, 2003,

[SAMWolf]

1951 "Amos 'n' Andy" premiers on CBS TV

I used to love the Amos and Andy Show. That Kingfish was such a schemer!

[SAMWolf]

Yep. I love the Cool mornings and evenings here

[colorado tanker]

Thanks, Sam! Das Boot is a great movie. The chart of U-Boat losses in WWII really drove home just how many of them never returned. The Enemy Below story was used for one of the better original Star Trek shows where the enemy had a "cloaking device" making for a cat and mouse hunt similar to the movie. Like Curt Jurgens the enemy captain was weary of war and just wanted to go home.

[SAMWolf]

"The Enemy Below" was one of the first of the "non-propaganda" movies that show the the ordinary German as a sailor doing his job and weary of the war too.

[Victoria Delsoul]

Thanks Sam; Arnold looks great.

[SAMWolf]

Approximately 40,000 German sailors served on U-boats during World War II. 30,000 never returned. It was one of the highest loss ratios of any service.

[snippy_about_it]

I like your choice Dave, "aboard". I'll use that.

Thanks.