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On This Day In History

Birthdates which occurred on April 14:
1578 Philip III king of Spain & Portugal (1598-1621)
1629 Christiaan Huygens Holland, astronomer (discovered Saturn's rings)
1676 Ernst Chreistian Hesse composer
1797 Adolphe Thiers 1st President of 3rd French Republic (1871-77)
1813 Junius S Morgan US, merchant/philanthropist (Metropolitan Museum of Art)
1820 Harry Thompson Hays Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1876
1832 James Hewett Ledlie Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1882
1866 Anne Mansfield Sullivan US, educated Helen Keller
1889 Arnold Toynbee England, historian (A Study of History)
1902 Menachem A Schneerson rebee (head of Lubavitcher Jews)
1904 Sir John Gielgud London England, actor (Arthur, Ages of Man)
1906 Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz King Saudi-Arabia (1964-75)
1907 François "Doc" Duvalier dictator of Haiti
1912 Robert Doisneau photographer
1920 John Paul Stevens Supreme Court Justice
1925 Rod Steiger West Hampton NY, actor (Illustrated Man, Pawnbroker, Chosen)
1928 Robert Mugabe President/dictator/scumbag (Zimbabwe, 1988- )
1929 William Edgar Thornton Faison NC, MD/astronaut (STS-8, 51-B, sk:49)
1933 Buddy Knox Happy TX, rock vocalist (Party Doll, Lovey Dovey)
1935 Loretta Lynn Butcher's Hollow KY, country singer (Coal Miner's Daughter)
1940 George Takei actor (Hikaru Sulu-Star Trek)
1941 Julie Christie Assam India, actress (Dr Zhivago)
1941 Pete Rose Cincinnati OH, baseball player/manager (Cincinnati Reds, Charlie hustle, most hits in majors)
1941 Anatoli Pavlocich Fyodorov cosmonaut
1941 Ryan O'Neal actor (Love Story, Paper Moon)
1942 Valentin Vitaliyevich Lebedev cosmonaut (Soyuz 13, 35, T-5)
1945 Steve Martin Waco TX, writer/actor (Jerk, Housesitter)
1954 Bruce Sterling US, sci-fi author (Involution Ocean, Schismatrix)
1966 David Justice baseball player/husband of Halle Barry
1966 Greg Maddux San Angelo TX, pitcher
1977 Sarah Michelle Gellar actress (Kendall-All My Children, Buffy)

Deaths which occurred on April 14:
0711 Childebert III king of French, dies at about 27
0911 Sergius III Italian Pope (904-11), dies
1099 Conrad bishop of Utrecht, stabbed to death
1552 Laurentius Andreae [Lars Andersson] Swedish church reformer, dies
1574 Christoffel Palts German General strategist, dies in battle
1759 Georg Frideric Händel organist/composer (Watermusic), dies at 74
1914 Paul Ehrenreich German etnologist/mythologist, dies at 58
1915 James Hutton Brew "Pioneer of West African Journalism", dies
1917 Lew [Lejzer L] Zamenhof Polish doc/linguist (Esperanto), dies at 57
1924 Louis H Sullivan architect (Wainwright building St Louis), dies at 67
1941 Jack Edmonson Australian corporal in Tobruk (Victoria Cross), dies
1948 Walter P Reuther President (United Auto Workers), shot at his home
1949 Joseph A Cushman US paleontologist, dies at 68
1964 Rachel L Carson US biologist/author (Silent spring), dies at 56
1965 Perry E Smith US murderer (In Cold Blood), hanged
1965 Robert E Hickok US murderer (In Cold Blood), hanged
1975 Fredric March actor, (Inherit the Wind, The Iceman Cometh, Death of a Salesman), dies from cancer at 77
1985 Enver Hoxha Albanian leader (1944-85), dies
1986 Simone de Beauvoir French author (Deuxième Sexe), dies at 86
1990 Peter Dunn actor (Invaders from Mars) dies
1992 Sammy Price US boogie-woogie pianist, dies
1995 Burl Ives folk singer/actor (Cat on a Hot Tin Roof), dies at 85
1995 Michael Scott Montague Fordham jungian analyst educator, dies at 89
1996 Benjamin "Zik" Azikiwe Nnamdi politician, dies at 91

Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1968 QUAMO GEORGE---AVERILL PARK NY.
[REMAINS RECOVERED 06/28/74]
1968 RODRIQUEZ FERDINAND A.---NEW YORK NY.
[02/12/73 RELEASED BY PRG, DECEASED]
1972 GREENLEAF JOSEPH G.---WEST NEWTON MA.
1972 MC KINNEY CLEMIE---CLEVELAND OH.
[REMAINS RETURNED 08/14/85 IDENTIFIED 02/88]

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

On this day...
73 According to Jewish historian Josephus, 967 Jewish zealots committed mass suicide within the fortress of Masada on this last night before the walls were breached by the attacking Roman Tenth Legion. (Two women and five children survived by hiding in a cistern, and were later released unharmed by the Romans.)
0193 Lucius Septimus Severus crowned emperor of Rome
0754 Pact of Quierzy between Pope Stephen II, [III] & Pippin the Korte
0972 Notger becomes bishop of Liege
0979 Challenge to throne of King Aethelred II of England
1028 German emperor Conrad II the Sailor crowns his son Henry III, king
1191 85-year old Giacinto Bobo becomes Pope Coelestinus III
1471 Battle of Barnet-King Edward IV vs Earl of Warwick
1536 English king Henry VIII expropriate minor monasteries
1570 Polish Calvinists/Lutherians/Hernhutters unify against Jesuits
1611 Word "telescope" is 1st used (Prince Federico Cesi)
1614 Pocahontas, daughter of chief Powhatan, marries planter John Rolfe
1775 1st abolitionist society in US organizes in Philadelphia PA
1777 New York adopts new constitution as an independent state
1792 France declares war on Austria, starting French Revolutionary Wars
1799 Napoleon called for establishing Jerusalem for Jews
1809 Napoleon defeated Austria in the Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria
1814 Napoleon abdicated & was banished to Elba
1818 US Medical Corp forms
1836 Congress forms Territory of Wisconsin
1841 Edgar Allen Poe's "Murders in the Rue Morgue", published
1853 Harriet Tubman began her Underground Railroad, helping slaves escape
1859 Charles Dickens' "A Tale Of Two Cities" published
1860 1st Pony Express rider arrives in San Francisco CA from St Joseph MO
1861 Formal Union surrender of Fort Sumter
1861 Robert E Lee resigns from Union army
1862 Battle of Fort Pillow TN
1863 William Bullock patents continuous-roll printing press
1865 Mobile AL is captured
1865 President Abraham Lincoln shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth
1868 South Carolina voters approve constitution, 70,758 to 27,228
1872 Dominion Lands Act passed-Canada's Homestead Act
1890 Pan American Day-1st conference of American states (Washington DC)
1894 1st public showing of Thomas Edison's kinetoscope (moving pictures)
1895 1st performance of Gustav Mahler's (incomplete) 2nd Symphony
1896 John Philip Sousa's "El Capitan", premieres (NYC)
1900 Veteran's Hospital at Fort Miley is established
1902 Marie & Pierre Curie isolate the radioactive element radium
1903 Dr Harry Plotz discovers vaccine against typhoid (New York NY)
1904 George Bernard Shaw's "Candida", premieres in London

1906 President Theodore Roosevelt denounces "muckrakers" in US press

1909 Anglo-Persian Oil Company forms in London
1910 President William Howard Taft begins tradition of throwing out ball on opening day
1912 The Titanic, launched on 31 May 1911, on route from Southampton to New York with 2200 passengers, strikes iceberg off the coast of Halifax, Nova Scotia at approximately 11:30pm, and sinks early the next morning (1500+ death toll)
1914 Stacy G Carkhuff patents non-skid tire pattern
1918 Douglas Campbell is 1st US ace pilot (shooting down 5th German plane)
1920 Tornadoes killed 219 people in Alabama & Mississippi
1922 Republic rebels occupies 4 government courts in Dublin
1925 1st regular-season Cubs game to be broadcast on radio (WGN)
1931 Spain becomes republic with overthrow of King Alfonso XIII
1935 Sandstorm ravages US midwest (Dust Bowl)
1939 John Steinbeck novel "The Grapes of Wrath" published
1940 Allied troops land in Norway
1940 RCA demonstrates its new electron microscope in Philadelphia
1941 1st massive German raid in Paris France, 3,600 Jews rounded up
1942 Destroyer Roper sinks German U-85 of US east coast
1943 Generals Alexander/Eisenhower/Anderson/Bradley discuss assault on Tunis
1944 1st Jews transported from Athens arrive at Auschwitz
1945 American B-29 incendiary raids on Tokyo & damage the Imperial Palace
1945 US forces conquer Motobu peninsula on Okinawa
1945 US marines attack Yae Take on Okinawa
1946 Manager Mel Ott of Giants hits 511th & final homerun
1948 A flash of light is observed in the crater Plato on the Moon
1948 NYC subway fares jump from 5¢ to 10¢
1953 Viet-Minh offensive in Laos
1954 Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov asks for political asylum in Canberra
1955 Elston Howard becomes the 1st black to wear the Yankee uniform
1956 Ampex Corp demonstrates 1st commercial videotape recorder
1958 Sputnik 2 (with dog Laika) burns up in atmosphere
1959 (Robert) Taft Memorial Bell Tower dedicated in Washington DC
1960 "Bye Bye Birdie" opens at Martin Beck Theater NYC for 607 performances
1960 1st underwater launching of Polaris missile
1961 1st live television broadcast from the Soviet Union
1961 Cuban-American invasion army departs Nicaragua
1961 US element 103 (Lawrencium) discovered
1962 Georges Pompidou becomes President of France
1963 George Harrison is impressed by the unsigned group "Rolling Stones"
1964 Sandy Koufax throws his 9th complete game without allowing a walk
1967 In the Vietnam War, US planes bomb Haiphong for 1st time
1968 Roberto de Vicenzo loses Masters for signing an incorrect score card
1969 1st major league baseball game outside US played in Montréal Québec Canada
1971 President Richard Nixon ends blockade against People's Republic of China
1971 Supreme Court upheld busing as means of achieving racial desegregation
1973 Acting FBI director L Patrick Gray resigns after admitting he destroyed evidence in the Watergate scandal
1977 Supreme Court says people may refuse to display state motto on license
1978 Korean Air Lines Boeing 707, fired on by Soviets, crashes in Russia
1980 1st Cubans of the Mariel boatlift sail to Florida
1981 1st Space Shuttle-Columbia 1-returns to Earth
1983 President Ronald Reagan signs $165 billion Social Security rescue
1985 Jack C Burcham is 5th to receive "Jarvik 7" permanent artificial heart
1986 US aircraft attacks 5 terrorist locations in Libya
1986 Desmond Tutu elected Anglican archbishop of Capetown
1986 Double-decker ferry sinks in stormy weather in Bangladesh killing 200
1987 Turkey asks to join European market
1989 1,100,000,000th Chinese born
1989 In the Iran-Contra trial, Oliver North's case goes to the jury
1992 UAW ends 5 month strike against Caterpillar Inc
1992 UN-imposed embargo against Libya takes effect
1992 Court throws out Apple's lawsuit against Microsoft
1993 Branch Davidian cult leader David Koresh promises to surrender after completion of his Seven Seals manuscript
1994 Billy Joel & Christie Brinkley announce plans to divorce
1994 US F-15 accidentally shoots 2 US helicopters down over Iraq, 26 die

Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

Burma : Water Festival (416)
El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, Venezuela : Pan American Day/Día de las Américas
Laos : New Years (416)
Mauritius : Varusha Pirruppa
US : National Garden Week Week (Day 4)
National Recycling Month

Religious Observances
Roman Catholic : Commemoration of St Justin, philosopher/martyr
Roman Catholic : Commemoration of SS Tiburtius, Valerina, Maximus, martyrs

Religious History

1796 Death of Joseph Swain, 35, author of the hymn, "O Thou in Whose Presence My Soul Takes Delight."
1906 The Azusa Street Revival -- proto-mission out of which the modern Pentecostal movement spread world-wide -- officially began when the services led by black evangelist William J. Seymour, 36, moved into the building at 312 Azusa Street in Los Angeles.
1940 English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Nothing is too great and nothing is too small to commit into the hands of the Lord.'
1942 Detroit radio priest, Father Charles E. Coughlin was censured for anti-Semitism. Coughlin's broadcasts had railed against "godless capitalists, the Jews, the Communists, international bankers and plutocrats."

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.

Thought for the day :
"It is a good rule in life never to apologize. The right sort of people do not want apologies, and the wrong sort take a mean advantage of them."

What a Difference 30 Years Makes...
1970: Seeds and stems.
2000: Roughage.

New State Slogans...
Nebraska: Find Kansas And Take A Right

Male Language Patterns...
"You know I could never love anyone else." REALLY MEANS,
"I am used to the way you yell at me and realize it could be worse."

Female Language Patterns...
"You have to learn to communicate." REALLY MEANS,
"Just agree with me."