The FReeper Foxhole Profiles World War II era WAVES - March 14th, 2004

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/prs-tpic/females/wvw2-rc.htm ^

[snippy_about_it]

Lord,

Keep our Troops forever in Your care

Give them victory over the enemy...

Grant them a safe and swift return...

Bless those who mourn the lost.
.

FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer
for all those serving their country at this time.


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World War II era WAVES

After a twenty-three-year absence, women returned to general Navy service in early August 1942, when Mildred McAfee was sworn in as a Naval Reserve Lieutenant Commander, the first female commissioned officer in U.S. Navy history, and the first Director of the WAVES, or "Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service".



In the decades since the last of the Yeomen left active duty, only a relatively small corps of Navy Nurses represented their gender in the Naval service, and they had never had formal officer status. Now, the Navy was preparing to accept not just a large number of enlisted women, as it had done during World War I, but female Commissioned Officers to supervise them. It was a development of lasting significance, notwithstanding the WAVES' name, which indicated that they would only be around during the wartime "Emergency".



Establishing the WAVES was a lengthy effort. Inter-war changes in the Naval Reserve legislation specifically limited service to men, so new legislation was essential. Though far-sighted individuals in the Navy Department, and especially in the Bureau of Aeronautics, had long known that uniformed women would be a wartime necessity, general service opinion was decidedly negative until the crisis at hand. Even then, creative intrigue had to be used to get an authorization through The Congress. President Roosevelt signed it into law on 30 July 1942. The next few months saw the commissioning of Mildred McAfee, and several other prominent female educators and professionals, to guide the new organization.



Recruiting had to be undertaken (or at least managed, as the number of interested women was vast), training establishments set up, an administrative structure put in place and uniforms designed. The latter effort produced a classic design that still has many elements in use nearly six decades later. Difficulties were overcome with energy and indispensable good humor, and within a year 27,000 women wore the WAVES uniform.



These women served in a far wider range of occupations than had the Yeomen (F). While traditionally female secretarial and clerical jobs took an expected large portion, thousands of WAVES performed previously atypical duties in the aviation community, Judge Advocate General Corps, medical professions, communications, intelligence, science and technology.





The wartime Navy's demand for them was intense as it struggled to defeat Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and the Japanese in the Pacific. At the end of the conflict, there were well over 8,000 female officers and some ten times that many enlisted WAVES, about 2 ½ percent of the Navy's total strength. In some places WAVES constituted a majority of the uniformed Naval personnel. And many remained in uniform to help get the Navy into, and through, the post-war era.

A special image selection on the Navy's World War II era WAVES, selected from the more comprehensive coverage can be found in the following links:

• Recruiting and Training;
  

• Quarters & Meals;
  

• Recreation, Leisure & Good Deeds;
  

• Ship and Aviation Orientation;
  

• Transportation
  Transportation Part II;
  

• Occupations--Aviation Related;
  

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FReeper Foxhole Armed Services Links

[snippy_about_it]

For the Duration of the Emergency....



When the United States was propelled into World War II by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, it faced the necessity of fighting a two front war (Atlantic and Pacific) as well as becoming the "Arsenal of Democracy," supplying armies on two fronts as well as the armies of our allies in the form of Lend-Lease supplies.



When military and industrial demands clashed, it became obvious that the shortage of manpower demanded the use of woman power once again, but on an even larger scale than previously. During World War II, all four services - Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard, formed special women's components "for the duration of the emergency and six months."





WOMEN IN MILITARY SERVICE FOR AMERICA MEMORIAL
Dept 560, Washington, DC 20042-0560

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Today's Educational Sources and suggestions for further reading:

www.history.navy.mil/

[snippy_about_it]

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[snippy_about_it]

Veterans for Constitution Restoration is a non-profit, non-partisan educational and grassroots activist organization.

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Tribute to a Generation - The memorial will be dedicated on Saturday, May 29, 2004.

Thanks to CholeraJoe for providing this link.

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Actively seeking volunteers to provide this valuable service to Veterans and their families.

Thanks to quietolong for providing this link.

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Iraq Homecoming Tips

~ Thanks to our Veterans still serving, at home and abroad. ~ Freepmail to Ragtime Cowgirl | 2/09/04 | FRiend in the USAF

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The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul

Click on Hagar for
"The FReeper Foxhole Compiled List of Daily Threads"

[Soaring Feather]

Good morning everyone.

[Samwise]

'Morning, snippy. The hobbit lass' favorite teacher is friends with an admiral. She visited her class one day. We were impressed (and jealous) that the hobbit lass got to meet her and spend the day with her. When she wakes up, I'll ask her her name.

None of the women in my family have ever served, although we have plenty of Rosie the Riveters. :^)

One of my college roomies dropped out of school and joined the Navy. All of us told her she was nuts. However, all these many years later, it turns out that she did better than any of us. She has a great pension from the Navy and is off on a second career in the private sector. She'll have two full pensions, Navy benefits, and we'll have crumbs. She's probably LOL at us now. :^)

[GailA]

Good Morning

[Aeronaut]

Good morning Snippy.

Northrup XB-35 "Flying Wing"

[E.G.C.]

Good morning, snippy and everyone at the Freeper Foxhole.

OSU takes on texas in the Bigt 12 torunament final from Dallas today at 2 CT. Good luck to both teams. May the best team win.

[The Mayor]

You have not kept the commandment of the Lord . . . . Now your kingdom shall not continue. —1 Samuel 13:13-14

The way of obedience is the only way of blessing.

[Valin]

On This Day in History


Birthdates which occurred on March 14:
1681 Georg Philipp Telemann Magdeburg Germany, late baroque composer
1692 Peter Musschenbroek Dutch physician/physicist (Leyden jar)
1782 Thomas Hart Benton (Representative), "Old Bullion"
1800 James Bogardus US inventor/builder (made cast-iron buildings)
1804 Johann Strauss the Elder Viennese violinist/composer (Radetzky March)
1808 Catharinus Putnam Buckingham Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
1816 Montgomery Dent Corse Alexandria VA, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1895
1820 Victor Emmanuel II King of Sardinia (1849-61)/Italy (1861-78)
1823 Roswell Sabine Ripley Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1887
1833 John Sappington Marmaduke Major General (Confederate Army)
1835 Giovanni V Schiaparelli Italian astronomer (Mars)
1844 King Umberto I of Italy (1878-1900)
1854 Thomas Riley Marshall (D) 28th Vice President (1913-21)
1864 [John] Casey Jones RR engineer (Ballad of Casey Jones)
1879 Albert Einstein Ulm Germany, (E=mc²/Theory of Relativity, Nobel 1921)
1903 Molla Mustafa Barzani Iran, Kurd leader (KDP)
1912 Les Brown Reinerton PA, orchestra leader (& his band of renown)
1919 Max Shulman novelist (Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, Tender Trap)
1920 Hank Ketcham cartoonist (Dennis the Menace)
1923 Diane Arbus photographer/innovator
1928 Frank Borman Gary IN, astronaut (Gemini 7, Apollo 8)/CEO-Eastern Airlines
1933 Michael Caine [Maurice J Micklewhite] Bermondsey London England, actor (Blame it on Rio, Alfie, Educating Rita, The man how would be king)
1933 Quincy Jones Jr Chicago IL, jazz & R&B producer/composer/singer (We Are The World)
1934 Eugene A Cernan Chicago IL, Captain USN/astronaut (Gemini 9, Apollo 10 17)
1934 Shirley Scott swing/blues organist (with Stanley Turrentine)
1942 Jerry Jeff Walker Oneonta NY, country singer (Mr Bojangles)
1945 Michael Martin Murphey Dallas TX, country singer (Wildfire)
1945 Walter Parazaider Chicago IL, rock saxophonist (Chicago-If You Leave Me Now)
1947 Billy Crystal Long Beach NY, comedian (Soap, Saturday Night Live, City Slickers)
1952 David Byrne guitarist/vocalist (Talking Heads-Burning Down the House)
1952 J Fred Muggs chimp (Today show)
1956 Natalya Dmitriyevna Kuleshova Russia, cosmonaut
1962 Kirby Puckett centerfielder (Minnesota Twins)

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Deaths which occurred on March 14:
1490 Charles I Duke of Savoy, dies at 21
1573 Claude II of Lotharingen, duke of Aumale/murdered Admiral Coligny, dies
1682 Jacob I van Ruysdael physician/landscape painter, dies at about 53
1883 Karl Marx German philosopher (Communist Manifesto), dies at 64
1932 George Eastman US industrialist (Kodak-camera), suicide at 77
1973 Murat B "Chic" Young US comic strip artist (Blondie), dies at 72
1975 Susan Hayward actress (Young & Willing), dies at 56
1976 Busby Berkeley US choreographer/director (Strike Up the Band), dies at 80
1986 Marlin Perkins TV host (Wild Kingdom) at 80
1991 Jerome "Doc" Pomus lyricist (Save Last Dance for Me), dies at 65
1992 Ralph James actor (Orson-Mork & Mindy), dies at 67
1992 Steven Brian Pennell 1st execution in Delaware in 45 years, at 34
1995 William A Fowler US nuclear/astro-physicist (Nobel 1983), dies at 83

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Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 HILTON ROBERT L.---BALTIMORE MD.
1966 KLUTE KARL EDWIN--RICHMOND IN.
1966 PLEIMAN JAMES E.---RUSSIA OH.
[REMAINS RETURNED 03/23/89]
1968 HAMM JAMES E.---LONGMONT CO.
1972 HARDY ARTHUR HANS---ISPWICH MA.
[REMAINS RETURNED 09/20/83]

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

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On this day...
1558 Ferdinand I appointed Holy Roman emperor
1590 Battle at Ivry: French King Henri IV beats Catholic League
1629 England granted a royal charter to Massachusetts Bay Colony
1644 England grants patent for Providence Plantations (now Rhode Island)
1689 Scotland dismisses Willem III & Mary Stuart as king & queen
1734 Prince Willem KHF van Orange marries George II's daughter Mary Anne
1743 1st American town meeting (Boston's Faneuil Hall)
1794 Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin
1800 Luigi Chiaramonti crowned Pope Pius VII
1812 Congress authorizes war bonds to finance War of 1812
1821 African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church founded (New York)
1845 -5.3ºF (-20.7ºC) in Groningen
1862 Battle of New Bern NC: General Burnside conquers New Bern
1864 Union troops occupy Fort de Russy, Louisiana
1885 Gilbert & Sullivan's opera "Mikado" premieres in London
1888 2nd largest snowfall in New York NY history (21")
1900 Hugo de Vries rediscovers Mendel's laws of genetics
1900 US currency goes on gold standard
1903 1st national bird reservation established in Sebastian FL
1912 King Vittorio Emanuel III of Rome injured during assassination attempt
1913 John D Rockefeller gives $100 million to Rockefeller Foundation
1914 Serbia & Turkey sign peace treaty
1915 German cruiser Dresden blows itself up near coast of Chile
1916 Battle of Verdun: German attack on Mort-Homme ridge, West of Verdun
1918 1st concrete ship to cross the Atlantic (Faith) is launched, San Francisco
1923 German Supreme Court prohibits NSDAP
1923 President Warren G Harding became 1st President filing income tax report and pay taxes
1933 Civilian Conservation Corp, begins tree conservation
1933 Winston Churchill wants to boost air defense
1936 Federal Register, 1st magazine of the US government, publishes 1st issue
1937 Battle of the Century: Fred Allen & Jack Benny meet on radio
1937 Pope Pius XI publishes anti-Nazi-encyclical Mit brennender Sorge
1939 Nazi Germany dissolves Republic of Czechoslovakia
1940 27 killed, 15 injured when truck full of migrant workers collides with a train outside McAllen TX
1941 Nazi occupiers of Holland forbid Jewish owned companies
1941 Xavier Cugat & his Orchestraestra record "Babalu"
1950 FBI's "10 Most Wanted Fugitives" program begins
1951 During Korean War, US/UN forces recapture Seoul
1953 Nikita Khrushchev succeeds Malenkov as Secretary of Communist Party
1954 Braves Henry Aaron homers in his 1st exhibition game
1954 KDAL (now KDLH) TV channel 3 in Duluth-Superior MN (CBS) begins
1958 RIAA (Recording Industry Association of American)is created and certifies 1st gold record (Perry Como's Catch A Falling Star)
1958 South Africa government disallows ANC
1958 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1958 USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test
1962 Disarmament conference opens in Geneva without France
1962 Gordie Howe (Detroit Red Wings) is 2nd NHLer to score 500 goals
1964 Dallas jury sentences Jack Ruby to death for Lee Harvey Oswald murder
1965 Israeli cabinet approves diplomatic relations with West Germany
1967 JFK's body moved from temporary grave to a permanent memorial
1968 CBS TV suspends Radio Free Europe free advertising because RFE doesn't make it clear it is sponsored by the CIA
1971 The Rolling Stones leave England for France to escape taxes
1976 Jockey Bill Shoemaker wins his 7,000th race
1976 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1980 Polish airliner crash kills all 87 aboard (22 are US amateur boxers)
1983 OPEC cut oil prices for 1st time in 23 years
1990 Mikhail S Gorbachev becomes president of the Soviet Congress
1991 Emir of Kuwait returns to Kuwait City, after the Iraqis leave
1992 Researchers said a substance occurring naturally in broccoli helps the body fight off cancer-causing chemicals.
(Me and George Bush still don't eat it)
1992 Soviet newspaper "Pravda" suspends publication
1994 Mexican banker/billionaire Alfredo Harp Helu kidnapped
1994 Soyuz TM-21 launches with V Dezyurov, G Strekalov & N Thagard

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Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

Memphis TN : Cotton Carnival (held for 5 days)(Tuesday)
New Mexico : Arbor Day (Friday)
US : Daffodil Days Begins
US : Straw Hat Week Begins
US : National Pi Day (3.14...get it?)
National Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Awareness Month

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Religious Observances
RC : Third Sunday of Lent

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Religious History
1559 French-born Swiss reformer John Calvin wrote in a letter: 'If your labors, where you now are, are sterile, and if here an abundant harvest awaits them, which is the most forcible tie? the one by which God draws you hither, or the one that detains you there?'
1908 Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary was chartered in Waco, Texas. Originally named Baylor Theological Seminary, the school campus relocated in 1910 to Fort Worth.
1912 Death of Albert L. Peace, 68. One of the noted Scottish organists of his day, Peace composed many cantatas, organ pieces and hymn tunes __ including the enduring ST. MARGARET, to which the Church today sings George Matheson's "O Love That Will Not Let Me Go."
1937 English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Neither the nearness nor the remoteness of Christ's return is a rule to regulate us in the ordering of our temporal affairs. Spiritual preparedness is the great matter.'
1961 The New Testament of the New English Bible was simultaneously published by both the Oxford and Cambridge University Presses. (The complete Old & New Testament of the NEB was published in 1970.)

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.

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Thought for the day :
"The whole point of Christianity is that everyone in the world, from Charles Manson to Mother Teresa, deserves to go to hell."

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Word of the day...
kawashock (kah wah SHAHK) n.
Pulling into the last remaining parking spot only to discover a motorcycle there.

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New State Slogans...
Tennessee: The Educashun State

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Amazing Fact #632...
The average US male will spend 2,965 hours shaving during his lifetime.

[SAMWolf]

Morning Snippy. Good thread again this Sunday.

[SAMWolf]

Morning Feather. You get to sleep at a decent hour last night?

[SAMWolf]

Morning Samwise.

Ah, if we only knew then what we know now.

[SAMWolf]

Morning GailA. Thanks for the OJ, nice change of pace. :-)

[SAMWolf]

Morning Aeronaut. You reading my mind? We're covering the Flying Wing on Wednesday!!

[Soaring Feather]

Good morning Sam, yes, thanks I was able to sleep last night.

[SAMWolf]

Morning E.G.C.

[SAMWolf]

HI Mayor. On my third cup already this morning. Been watching the birds and drinking coffee.

[SAMWolf]

1992 Researchers said a substance occurring naturally in broccoli helps the body fight off cancer-causing chemicals. (Me and George Bush still don't eat it)

I'm with you and Bush on this one, Yeeech!!

[WaterDragon]

'Morning, Snippy. I didn't even know there were WAVES in World War One!