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Posted on 12/14/2003 12:01:35 AM PST by SAMWolf
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 are acknowledged, affirmed and commemorated.
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| Our Mission: The FReeper Foxhole is dedicated to Veterans of our Nation's military forces and to others who are affected in their relationships with Veterans. In the FReeper Foxhole, Veterans or their family members should feel free to address their specific circumstances or whatever issues concern them in an atmosphere of peace, understanding, brotherhood and support. The FReeper Foxhole hopes to share with it's readers an open forum where we can learn about and discuss military history, military news and other topics of concern or interest to our readers be they Veteran's, Current Duty or anyone interested in what we have to offer. If the Foxhole makes someone appreciate, even a little, what others have sacrificed for us, then it has accomplished one of it's missions. We hope the Foxhole in some small way helps us to remember and honor those who came before us.
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 Private Tony Ricketti The Quartermaster Review September-October 1953
When it comes to handing out plaudits to the Army, the Marines generally change the conversation to the Halls of Montezuma or talk about the weather. But if the talk gets around to the day the Army’s paratrooper Quartermasters airmailed them a bridge, the song is a lot sweeter. For their escape route from the embattled Chosin reservoir in North Korea in December 1950 was paved by the Umbrella Men, the Army troops who parachuted from the skies a 20-ton bridge to close the gap in Highway Breakout after Chinese troops had dynamited the road to Hungnam, 50 miles southward. Road-poor North Korea, with narrow highways carving thin ribbons in its geography, proved a historic nightmare to Marine forces when an avalanche of Red Chinese flooded across the Yalu River to meet them at frozen Chosin. Faced with overpowering odds of a manpower-wealthy enemy willing to lose an army to defeat a regiment, the First Marine Division was forced to pull southward along a single roadway to Hungnam, chief sea outlet of North Korea. While regiment after regiment hammered at Marine lines, other Chinese troops sped southward, coming up under the belly of the Americans to blow out a vital bridge. The impasse was designed to block the path of heavy equipment and force the Marines to bypass the obstacle by taking to the hills, leaving behind their rolling stock, a million-dollar prize of war to the Reds. The hands of the clock raced with the casualty lists. Army Engineers in Japan got the Marines’ requestfor an airborne bridge December 3. A treadway span in eight sections, each 18-feet long and 7 1/2-feet wide, was hurriedly packaged by the 8081st Army Unit, the para-Quartermasters of the Army Forces Far East, war supply line to Korea.  The Air Force lined up eight of its huge C-119s, the flying boxcars, each big enough to carry one of the mammoth bridge sections, for an experimental drop. Nobody had ever dropped a bridge this large from the skies before, but the huge sections, spinning downward on silken umbrellas nearly 50 feet in diameter, landed safely. The para-Quartermasters boarded the planes for Korea. "We felt like Annie Oakley hitting a moving bulls-eye when we dumped those bridge sections into a 300-foot wide target zone," a paratroop corporal commented later. But the target area had to be small. The Chinese army held a lot of neighboring territory. It was one of the biggest days in the history of the para-Quartermasters, just two wars old. The Marines by nightfall of December 7 were on the receiving end of 265 tons of supplies, fluttered into their ranks by nearly 14,000 parachutes. Nobody claims the bridge won the battle, or saved the Marines. The Leathernecks proved they could outfight their weight in wildcats coming out of Chosin, but without the airborne span they would have been forced to abandon a lot of their battle equipment. The bridge gave them the green light to move southward on wheels carrying their wounded and cannon. Trucks and treadways, men and medicine, bridges and bullets all have feathered down into the waiting arms of troops during the past two-and-a-half years of war. For the 8081st, the watchword was "hurry.’’ It came with urgent, sleep-shattering frequency, by day and by night, in good weather and bad. But the guys who wanted the stuff couldn’t use it tomorrow. Or even later in the day. Hours. From Japan to Korea. Get it, load it, chute it down. Some of the requests were impossible. The impossible seemed to take a little longer. Maybe an hour. But the 8081st delivered. The Umbrella Men sent the guys everything they needed, even water and chocolate bars. Often the 8081st was the difference in eating and going hungry, living or dying. Another gilt-edge page in the 8081st’s glory-filled history came in "air mailing" the heavy equipment of the 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team [RCT] to the front in 48 hours. The 187th RCT arrived at an airbase in Japan, September 23, 1950, in the early dark days of Korea. Twenty-four hours later the 2nd Battalion of the regiment, with full load of battle gear, was in contact with the enemy. The next day, jumping directly into the front lines, the full-strength combat team locked in combat with the North Koreans. As weathermen, the flying Quartermasters reign supreme. On short notice, they can call down a torrential shower of supplies to dampen whatever optimism the enemy might have. They polka-dot the sky with everything from food rations to ammunition: 1/4-ton and 3/4-ton trucks; weapons such as the 105-mm howitzer, 90-mm anti-tank gun and 3.5-inch rocket launchers; 1/4-ton trailers; anti-aircraft multiple gun mounts; and normal supplies of gasoline and water. Urgent orders are received from Eighth Army by U.S. Army headquarters in Japan and immediately relayed to the 8081st, the "delivery boys" for the Eighth Army in Korea. Almost simultaneously, various sections begin preparations for the job while supplies are set up on the ready line. Aircraft - usually C-119s - are requested from the 315th Air Division.
The operations officer issues instructions on the type of parachutes needed. While Army riggers supervise Japanese employees in adjusting the chutes on the bundles, the flying officer briefs aerial delivery technicians. He decides assignment of aircraft, weight of the load, as well as reiterates their duties in tying down supplies on the "flying boxcars’’ and in checking the lashing once the plane is in flight. The job itself is more than just a round-trip pleasure cruise. Before the mission is completed, there’s no telling what harrowing experiences will befall the combat Quartermasters. During the Chosin reservoir episode, an inexperienced aerial delivery trooper made a slight error while unlashing his cargo prior to ejection. Unpredictable air currents sucked the bundles and the bundler right out of the plane. Fortunately he had on a parachute, and though he landed in enemy territory he managed to return to the Yon-Po base within a few days. Even when the heaven-sent vehicles, weapons or what-have-you are in the hands of the grateful combateers, however, the job of the para-QMs is still not finished. An integral though unheralded aspect of their strategic campaigns is the recovery, repair and re-use of air-drop equipment. Following some assignments, as much as a million dollars can be saved by retrieving grounded silks and other apparatus. Chutes, made of rayon or nylon depending on their purpose, cost anywhere from $25 to $2,000 each, while standard supply containers may set the government back $120. After an air detail, the Quartermaster Airborne Air Supply and Packaging Company of the 8081st parachutes a recovery platoon of 60 men into the drop zone, adding insult to injury as far as the enemy is concerned. Chutes, containers, special drop kits and other aerial delivery paraphernalia are collected, regardless of condition, and shipped back to the unit’s maintenance section by truck, rail, ship or plane.  For repairing purposes, the paratrooper’s home has more than 100 sewing machines of varied functions, special stitchers and cutters and lock-stitch sewers among others. Fabric layout, inspection, marking, packing and crating equipment add further to the Kokura General Depot’s mechanical repertoire.  Since a damaged chute may cause the death of its user or the loss of supplies suspended from it, continued close scrutiny aims to ensure perfect condition. This surveillance inspection consists of uncrating and unpacking the items in storage, carefully examining them for mold, mildew or other natural deterioration, and then placing them back in stock if found to be in good shape. Even storage is performed under an almost laboratory atmosphere. The equipment arrives from the States wrapped in four layers of waterproof material, within a sturdy crate, and is warehoused with special de-humidifiers to prevent damage from dampness or unduly erratic temperatures. The 8081st arrived in the Far East during the early days of the Korean conflict, at a time when troops were being separated from their lines and depended on aerial re-supply for existence. Since then, the para-tactic professors have dropped more than 20,000 tons of "manna from heaven" and have recovered uncounted millions of dollars worth of drop-equipment for additional service. Continual development has improved much of the apparatus used by the unit. A jeep trailer sling was evolved, permitting the QMs to deliver the versatile vehicle loaded with ammunition. Mortar and shell drop-methods were improved, a timing device invented to release cargo at any altitude, and even napalm can now be air-mailed right on top of the enemy.      |
litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute. The first
C-119 made its initial flight in November 1947 and by the time production ceased in 1955, more
than 1,100 C-119s had been built.
Navy and Marine Corps and to the Air Forces of Canada, Belgium, Italy, and India. In South
Vietnam, the airplane once again entered combat, this time in a ground support role as AC-119
"gunships" mounting side-firing weapons capable of firing up to 6,000 rounds per minute per gun.
The C-119J on display was specially modified for the mid-air retrieval of space capsules
re-entering the atmosphere from orbit. On August 19, 1960, this aircraft made the world's first
midair recovery of a capsule returning from orbit when it "snagged" the parachute lowering the
Discoverer XIV satellite at 8,000 feet altitude 360 miles southwest of Honolulu, Hawaii.
The airplane was delivered to the Museum in November 1963.
THANK YOU service men and women, past and present, for serving the USA!
Merry Christmas! Smoke 'em if you got 'em!
What a lovely sight!!
"Quartermasters (QM) stand watch as assistants to officers of the deck and to the navigator; serve as steersmen and perform ship control, navigation, and bridge watch duties; procure, correct, use, and stow navigational and oceanographic publications and charts; maintain navigational instruments and keep correct navigational time; render "honors and ceremonies" in accordance with national observance and foreign customs; and serve as petty officers in charge of tugs, self propelled barges, and other yard and district craft."
QM rating symbol
This was my wallpaper until snippy sent me the big deck gator pic (and even in the days of GPS, we still do this stuff now).
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