Posted on 10/18/2026 11:11:45 PM PDT by fidelis
Memorial of Saints John de Brébeuf and Isaac Jogues, Priests, and Companions, Martyrs
Someone in the crowd said to Jesus, “Teacher, tell my brother to share the inheritance with me.” He replied to him, “Friend, who appointed me as your judge and arbitrator?” Then he said to the crowd, “Take care to guard against all greed, for though one may be rich, one’s life does not consist of possessions.” Luke 12:13–15
Imagine if you were exceptionally rich. Would great wealth change your life? For many people, it would. In today’s Gospel, Jesus addresses material wealth directly, identifying greed as a grave danger. Perhaps the most important line He speaks is: “One’s life does not consist of possessions.”
Interestingly, Jesus does not condemn wealth itself. He doesn’t say, “one ought not be rich,” but “though one may be rich.” This phrasing implies that wealth is neither good nor bad in itself. Instead, He condemns two things: greed, which can infect both rich and poor, and the error of allowing wealth to become the foundation of one’s life.
In the New Testament, various Greek words are translated as “greed.” The term used in this passage conveys more than a general desire for wealth. It implies an insatiable craving, often for what rightfully belongs to others, which is a form of injustice. Those who harbor such a desire make the pursuit and longing for wealth the central aim of their hearts. This is not only sinful but foolish, which is why Jesus goes on to tell the Parable of the Rich Fool.
Greed clouds judgment. On a natural level, wealth is often seen as a blessing. One might imagine the pleasures it affords, the security it brings, or even the good it might enable us to do. But Jesus shatters this illusion, not by condemning wealth itself, but by exposing the foolishness of greed.
To be a fool is to believe a lie. Greed leads a person to the false belief that the desire for wealth is a good and noble desire. But it is not. “One’s life does not consist of possessions.” That truth is essential to grasp.
What, then, does one’s life consist of when it is lived well, in justice and truth? It consists of the utmost generosity—a heart devoted entirely to the charity that flows from union with Christ. Jesus’ generosity is without equal. He is the King of Kings who embraced earthly poverty.
He is the Creator of all who emptied Himself for our sake. He is the very foundation of life, yet He chose to die for our salvation. His life was one of total self-gift, a love more generous than we can comprehend. We are called to share in that self-giving love. Only in doing so can we discover the true meaning and purpose of our lives and become truly rich in the things of God.
Greed is the opposite of this call. It is self-centered and directly opposed to our dignity. Extreme wealth may bring admiration in the eyes of the world, but the world cannot save us or transform us into who we are meant to be. Only God can do that.
Reflect today on the subtle ways greed might influence your thoughts, choices, or desires. Consider whether you ever equate your worth with what you possess or whether you long for more than what God has given. What is the foundation of my life? If it is anything other than Christ and the generous love He calls you to live, then hear His words anew: “One’s life does not consist of possessions.” Seek instead to become rich in what matters to God—generosity, mercy, faith, and love—and let these be the treasures that define your soul.
Most generous Lord, Your life is the epitome of self-giving. You poured Yourself out completely for us, culminating in the sacrifice of the Cross. Please reorient my soul and purify the desires of my heart, so that I may never seek more than I truly need and that my possessions may never possess me. May You and the charity flowing from Your Sacred Heart be the firm foundation of my life. Jesus, I trust in You.
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The Month of October is Dedicated to the Holy Rosary
“Rejoice in your hope, be patient in tribulation, be constant in prayer.” (Romans 12:12)
Pope Leo XIV’s prayer intention for the month of October, 2026:
For mental health ministry
Let us pray that the mental health ministry be established throughout the Church, helping to overcome the stigma and discrimination of persons with mental illnesses.
Today’s First Reading
From: Ephesians 2:1-10
Salvation As a Free Gift
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[1] And you he made alive, when you were dead through the trespasses and sins [2] in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience. [3] Among these we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, following the desires of body and mind, and so we were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind. [4] But God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which he loved us, [5] even when we were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), [6] and raised us up with him, and made us sit with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, [7] that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. [8] For by grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God [9] not because of works, lest any man should boast. [10] For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.
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Commentary:
1-10. St Paul moves on to consider those who make up the Church -- Jews and Gentiles. Despite the sinful situation in which both found themselves (vv. 2-3), God in is great mercy (vv. 4-5) has acted on them and made them to be like Christ, now victorious and seated in heaven (vv. 6-7); this he has done through the unmerited gift of faith (vv. 8-10).
1-2. "You": he is referring to Christians of Gentile origin, in contrast with "we" (v. 3), Christians of Jewish background.
Prior to his conversion to Christ a pagan was, as it were, en route to death, that is, liable to condemnation on account of sin--both original sin and sin caused by worldly behavior, that is, actions opposed to God. That is what the Apostle means here by "this world"--a world which is under the power of the devil (cf. note on Jn 1:10). The description of the devil as "prince of the power of the air" reflects the notion, widely held in ancient times, that demons dwelt in the earth's atmosphere, from where they exercised a baneful influence over mankind (cf. Mt 12:24; Jn 12:31). St Paul uses the language of his time without taking on board the cosmology it implies. He is teaching theology, and the devil he identifies as the one who is at work in the "sons of disobedience", "the rebels"--an opposite description, for Satan is characterized by his rebellion against God, and his influence on men leads them into rebellion to seek their fulfillment in created things or in things of their own fashioning, thereby refusing to give God his primary place. St Paul could see this happening in the pagan world around him (cf. Rom 1:18-23); and in fact it happens in all periods of history when man refuses to recognize God: "Although set by God in a state of rectitude, man, enticed by the evil one, abused his freedom at the very start of history. He lifted himself up against God, and sought to attain his goal apart from him. Although they had known God, they did not glorify him as God, but their senseless hearts were darkened, and they served the creature rather than the Creator (cf. Rom 1:21-25) [...] Often refusing to acknowledge God as his source, man has also upset the relationship which should link him to his last end; and at the same time he has broken the right order that should reign within himself as well as between himself and other men and all the rest of creation" (Vatican II, "Gaudium Et Spes", 13).
3. Before the coming of Christ, those who were Jews were likewise guilty of sin and merited denunciation. St Paul has already discussed this in his Letter to the Romans (cf. Rom 2:1 - 3:10); now he sketches out the same ideas, to emphasize that everyone, Jew and Gentile alike, obtains salvation through Christ (v. 5). The Jews know the true God and have the benefits of the Law; therefore, their sinfulness derives not so much from the seductions of the world and the devil as from human passion. The "desires of the body and mind" does not refer simply to the weakness of human nature (cf. Jn 1:14) or lustful desires but to all the desires and appetites of human nature when it does not obey God--to man's tendency to do whatever he wants, even when he knows that it conflicts with God's law (cf. Rom 7:5; 2 Cor 7:1; Col 2:13). The Jews also were subject to this power of the flesh, for they were "children of wrath, like the rest of mankind".
"Children of wrath": this expression of man's state of enmity towards God; it does not imply that God sees man as his enemy but that by sinning man incurs divine punishment. It has this effect for Jews and Gentiles alike.
In this verse the Apostle is referring to the behavior of both Jews and Gentiles; thus, the words "by nature" do not exactly mean the weakness of human nature as such but rather refer to the fact that man, if left to his own devices, cannot avoid sin and therefore cannot escape God's wrath. St John Chrysostom, St Jerome and other Fathers read "by nature" as opposed to "by grace". This would mean that "by nature" refers to human existence considered on its own, that is, unaided by grace--life in a state of sin, which would mean it merited God's wrath. But the reason why this is so is that human nature has been debilitated by original sin; some Fathers in fact, including St Augustine, read this passage as a recognition of the fact of original sin. Certainly St Paul is at least implying that there is such a thing as original sin, as St Thomas Aquinas explains: "He says that we were (children of wrath) 'by nature', that is, by our natural origin, but not meaning nature as such, for (sheer) nature is good and comes from God: he is referring to nature in its vitiated form" ("Commentary on Eph, ad loc.").
4. God's mercy is the greatest expression of his love because it shows the total gratuitousness of God's love towards the sinner, whereby instead of punishing him he forgives him and gives him life. The words "God, who is rich in mercy" have great theological and spiritual depth: they are a kind of summary of all St Paul's teaching about God's approach to people who are under the rule of sin, who are "by nature children of wrath".
Pope John Paul II has chosen these words of Scripture "dives in misericordia"--as the title of one of his encyclicals, an encyclical which explores the divine dimension of the mystery of Redemption. Here is how the Pope sums up biblical teaching on mercy: "The concept of 'mercy' in the Old Testament has a long and rich history [...]. It is significant that in their preaching the prophets link mercy, which they often refer to because of the people's sins, with the incisive image of love on God's part. The Lord loves Israel with the love of a special choosing, much like the love of a spouse (cf. e.g. Hos 2:21-25 and 15; Is 54:6-8) and for this reason he pardons its sins and even its infidelities and betrayals. When he finds repentance and true conversion, he brings his people back to grace (cf. Her 31:20; Ezek 39:25-29). In the preaching of the prophets "mercy" signifies a "special power of love", which "prevails over the sin and infidelity" of the chosen people [...]. The Old Testament encourages people suffering from misfortune, especially those weighed down by sin--as also the whole of Israel, which had entered into the covenant with God--"to appeal for mercy", and enables them to count upon it" ("Dives In Misericordia", 4).
In the New Testament also there are many references to God's mercy, sometimes very touching ones, like the parable of the prodigal son (cf. Lk 15: 32); others take a more dramatic form, for example, Christ's sacrifice, the supreme expression of the love of God, which is stronger than death and sin. "The 'Cross of Christ', on which the Son, consubstantial with the Father, 'renders full justice to God', is also 'a radical revelation of mercy', or rather of the love that goes against what constitutes the very root of evil in the history of man: against sin and death" ("ibid.", 8).
5-6. The power of God works in the Christian in a way similar to that in which it worked in Christ. St Paul here uses almost the same language as he did earlier (cf. 1:20), to show how radical is the change produced in men by Christ's salvation.
Just as a dead person is unable to bring himself back to life, so those who are dead through sin cannot obtain grace, supernatural life, by their own effort. Only Christ, by means of the Redemption, offers us that new life which begins with justification and ends with resurrection and eternal happiness in heaven. The Apostle is speaking here of that life of grace, and therefore of our future resurrection and glorification with Christ in heaven; he refers to this as if it were an accomplished fact, and the reason he does so is this: Jesus Christ is our head and we form one body with him (cf. Gal 3:28), and therefore we share in the head's condition. Christ, after his resurrection, sits at the right hand of the Father. "The body of Christ, which the Church is", St Augustine comments, "must be at the right hand, that is, in the glory of heaven, as the Apostle says: 'we have been raised up with him and made to sit with him in heaven.' Even though our body is not yet there, our hope is already placed there" ("De Agone Christiano", 26).
From the moment of our incorporation into Christ by Baptism, his resurrection and exaltation is something which is already present in us in an incomplete way: "Thus by Baptism", Vatican II teaches, "men are grafted into the paschal mystery of Christ; they die with him, are buried with him, and rise with him (cf. Rom 6:4; Eph 2:6; Col 3:1; 2 Tim 2:11f). They receive the spirit of adoption as sons in which 'we cry, Abba, Father' (Rom 8:15) and thus become true adorers such as the Father seeks (cf. Jn 4:23)" ("Sacrosanctum Concilium", 6). See the note on Rom 6:9-10.
The Redemption has already been accomplished, and man has available to him all the grace he needs for salvation: the gates of heaven are open wide; it is now the responsibility of every individual to make room for grace in his soul, to avail of grace to respond to our Lord's call. Through Christ, "we have been reborn spiritually, for through him we are crucified to the world," St Zozimus comments. "By his death that decree of death has been destroyed which Adam caused and which was passed on to every soul--that sentence which we incur through our descent, from which absolutely no one is free prior to being set free by Baptism" ("Epist. 'Tractoria', Dz-Sch", 231).
8-9. Salvation is the work of God, a gratuitous gift of God: it originates in God's mercy. It acts in man by means of faith, that is, by man's acceptance of the salvation offered him in Jesus Christ. But even faith, St Paul tells us, is a divine gift; man cannot merit it by his own efforts alone; it is not exclusively the outcome of human freedom; at all stages, from the very beginning, recognition and acceptance of Christ as Savior means that God's grace is at work.
On the basis of this passage in Ephesians and other passages of Scripture, the Church has taught: "According to the passages of Sacred Scripture and the explanations of the Holy Fathers [specified] we, with God's help must believe and preach the following: The free will of man was made so weak and unsteady through the sin of the first man that, after the Fall, no one could love God as was required, or believe in God, or perform good works for God unless the grace of divine mercy anticipated him [...]. Even after the coming of Christ this grace of faith is not found in the free will of all who desire to be baptized but is conferred through the generosity of Christ, according to what has already been said and according to what the Apostle Paul teaches: 'It has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake' (Phil 1:29). And also: 'he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of Jesus Christ' (Phil 1:6). And again: 'By grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God' (Eph 2:8). And the Apostle says of himself: 'As one who by the Lord's mercy is trustworthy' (1 Cor 7:25; cf. 1 Tim 1:13) [...]. And Scripture says further: 'What have you that you did not receive?' (1 Cor 4:7). And again: 'Every good endowment and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights' (Jas 1:17). And again: 'No one can receive anything except what is given from heaven' (Jn 3:27)" (Second Council of Orange, "De Gratia", conclusion).
The Second Vatican Council provides the same teaching: "'By faith man freely commits his entire self to God [...]; before this faith can be exercised, man must have the grace of God to move and assist him; he must have the interior help of the Holy Spirit, who moves the heart and converts it to God, who opens the eyes of the mind and 'makes it easy for all to accept and believe the truth' ("De Gratia", can . 7; "Dei Filius")'' ("Dei Verbum", 5).
When St Paul says that faith does not come from works (v. 9), he is referring to things man can do on his own, without the help of grace. If faith did come from works, then man would have something to boast to God about, something which would bring salvation without dependence on Christ--which would be inadmissible, because then our Lord's death would make no sense, nor would even the Incarnation of the Word, whom "God has made our wisdom, our righteousness and sanctification and redemption; therefore, as it is written, 'Let him who boasts, boast of the Lord"' (1 Cor 1:30-31). See also the notes on Jas 2:14; Rom 3:20-31; 9:31.
10. The Christian became a new creation--"we are his workmanship"-- when he was inserted into Christ at Baptism (cf. 2 Cor 5:17). Once justified by Baptism, he should live in a manner consistent with his faith, that is, with his new life. The life of grace in fact moves him to do those good works which God wishes to see performed (he had already laid down that this should be so) and which perfect the work of salvation. Deeds, works, prove the genuineness of faith: "faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead" (Jas 2:17). Without these works--the practice of the theological and moral virtues--not only would faith be dead; our love for God and neighbor would be false.
Having said that, it is also true that to bring about this renewal in man God counts on man's readiness to respond to grace and on his carrying out "good works".
Christian Tradition has always taught that the fruits of faith are a proof of its vitality. For example, this is what St Polycarp has to say: "It does my heart good to see how the solid roots of your faith, which have such a reputation ever since early times, are still flourishing and bearing fruit in Jesus Christ [...]. Many desire to share in your joy, well knowing that it is by the will of God that you are saved through Jesus Christ" ("Letter to the Philippians", chap. 1).
From: Luke 12:13-21
Parable of the Rich Fool
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[13] One of the multitude said to Him (Jesus), "Teacher, bid my brother divide the inheritance with me." [14] But He said to him, "Man, who made Me a judge or divider over you?" [15] And He said to them, "Take heed, and beware of all covetousness; for man's life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions." [16] And He told them a parable, saying, "The land of a rich man brought forth plentifully; [17] and he thought to himself, `What shall I do, for I have nowhere to store my crops?' [18] And he said, `I will do this: I will store all my grain and my goods. [19] And I will say to my soul, Soul, you have ample goods laid up for many years; take your ease, eat, drink, be merry.' [20] But God said to him, `Fool! This night your soul is required of you; and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?' [21] So is he who lays up treasure for himself and is not rich toward God."
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Commentary:
13. This man is only interested in his own problems; he sees in Jesus only a teacher with authority and prestige who can help sort out his case (cf. Deuteronomy 21:17). He is a good example of those who approach religious authorities not to seek advice on the way they should go in their spiritual life, but rather to get them to solve their material problems. Jesus vigorously rejects the man's request--not because He is insensitive to the injustice which may have been committed in this family, but because it is not part of His redemptive mission to intervene in matters of this kind. By His word and example the Master shows us that His work of salvation is not aimed at solving the many social and family problems that arise in human society; He has come to give us principles and moral standards which should inspire our actions in temporal affairs, but not to give us precise, technical solutions to problems which arise; to that end He has endowed us with intelligence and freedom.
15-21. After His statement in verse 15, Jesus tells the parable of the foolish rich man: what folly it is to put our trust in amassing material goods to ensure we have a comfortable life on earth, forgetting the goods of the spirit, which are what really ensure us--through God's mercy--of eternal life.
This is how St. Athanasius explained these words of our Lord: "A person who lives as if he were to die every day--given that our life is uncertain by definition--will not sin, for good fear extinguishes most of the disorder of our appetites; whereas he who thinks he has a long life ahead of him will easily let himself be dominated by pleasures" ("Adversus Antigonum").
19. This man's stupidity consisted in making material possession his only aim in life and his only insurance policy. It is lawful for a person to want to own what he needs for living, but if possession of material resources becomes an absolute, it spells the ultimate destruction of the individual and of society. "Increased possession is not the ultimate goal of nations nor of individuals. All growth is ambivalent. It is essential if man is to develop as a man, but in a way it imprisons man if he considers it the supreme good, and it restricts his vision. Then we see hearts harden and minds close, and men no longer gather together in friendship but out of self-interest, which soon leads to strife and disunity. The exclusive pursuit of possessions thus becomes an obstacle to individual fulfillment and to man's true greatness. Both for nations and for individual, avarice is the most evident form of underdevelopment" (Pope St Paul VI, "Populorum Progressio", 19).
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