W1AW is transmitting CW training exercises and other QST one-way. I don't think they are above the law.
IIRC, what is not permitted is commercial use of amateur service. Use of ham radio for connection with remote missions likely falls into that category. They would be better off using Skype. An HF link across half of the planet is not easy, and it cannot be established on demand.
I have a vague recollection that there is a specific exception to the broadcasting prohibition which permits code practice sessions. I think it may be worded in such a way that only one party qualifies for the exception.