Jesus taught His disciples that a human spirit can be active but lack 'aliveness'. His comment to aloow 'the dead go bury the dead' IMHO was a significant clue that a youngman could be alive in body and behavior mechanism but lacking Life in his spirit. And that is the natural state of humankind since Adam sold out his posterity. But Jesus, as God with us, has redeemed Adam's posterity, and that 'soterizing' goes all the way back to Adam, if each individually believes on Him Whom God has sent to redeem us.
What Adam lost was the supersubstantial Life which set Adam and Eve apart from all other life on Earth, a Life status which can be restored through The Grace of God in Christ, reconciling us to Him.