From the day of that declaration the period of time ended when Jesus came into Jerusalem riding on a colt. He was "cut-off" (executed)in the midst of the week (Wednesday) was in the grave 3 days (remember Jonah) and after His resurrection was denied by the Jews. Now most importantly the city was destroyed! The prophet Daniel said it would happen AFTER the Messiah was cut-off!!! Hello - THE CITY WAS DESTROYED IN 70AD!!!
Seventy "Weeks" is written as Seventy "Sevens". This is alternately interpreted as being either 70 weeks as you quote, or as 70 x 7 biblical years of 360 days. The later translation leads though some abstruse calendar math roughly to the time period of March/April of AD 32 or 33. That coincides with Jesus' entrance riding on a donkey into Jerusalem - the moment at which he revealed himself to be the Messiah.
There is enough fuzziness in the language and math that I don't know if this interpretation can unequivocally be claimed as confirmed prophesy, however it certainly is interesting.
Some of the most noteworthy of them, and which explains this "national" rejection is that the TRUE Messiah would be rejected of his own people:
Psalm 69:8 I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother's children.
Isaiah 6:9-12 And he said, Go, and tell this people, Hear ye indeed, but understand not; and see ye indeed, but perceive not.
Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.
Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utterly desolate,
And the Lord have removed men far away, and there be a great forsaking in the midst of the land.
Isaiah 49:7 Thus saith the Lord, the Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him whom man despiseth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a servant of rulers, Kings shall see and arise, princes also shall worship, because of the Lord that is faithful, and the Holy One of Israel, and he shall choose thee.
Isaiah 53:3 He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.
Daniel 9:24-26 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.