That is very interesting! Thank you! I have read that the individual, Squanto, who kept the Pilgrims from starving to death (half of them already gone) knew the "invaders'" language, because he had been to Europe. I had never learned that back in public school. And, of course, the Jamestown settlers must have been largely Protestants? And, also, I left out the Hugenots (when?) down at St. Augustine --
There are 30 other KNOWN early settlement archaeological sites on the East Coast that have not yet been examined.
There are a number of suspected Spanish settlements from the early 1500s as well ~ but they weren't as well developed so there's not a lot of debris to work with.
A new site is in Long Island where the Shinnecock Indian Nation has a small reservation. A plant grows there called CLOUD BERRY. The particular subspecies grows only in Scandinavia.
Otherwise the Cloud Berry doesn't live in the lower 48!
So, why? Obviously it was partially domesticated before it's arrival here ~ probably planted by SOMEBODY in an early time. No doubt the Shinnecock will get someone in there to make some archaeological hay out of that plant.
At the moment I have my eye on about 25 probable 1500s Spanish sites (mining or fur trade) in the Midwest EAST of the Mississippi.
No one has looked at these places ~ one of them even seems to have been one of those "La Villa Real" places, just like St. Louis, Santa Fe, etc.
NOTE, for Spain there were two kinds of Dutch. Good Catholics ~ living in what is now Belgium and Southern Netherlands. Bad Protestants - living in what is now Northern Netherlands (Holland).
During the very earliest periods of exploration and settlement in the New World the Spanish were accompanied by Dutch! The New York settlement of 1621 was just the latest in a number of Dutch trading villages set up all over the America. We lose site of that because we don't read Spanish history! Instead, we read English history.