Sure there was discussion about what books belonged in the bible- the early church had those discussions way before Luther- and decided it's canon at the Council of Rome in 382; reaffirmed throughout the 390’s. Up until Luther, that was the Christian canon.
I'm going from memory here, as I don't have a lot of time to post; your posts really deserve more time and I'm sorry I can't put in that time; nor am I a scholar.
The Jerusalem Jews of the first century wanted to differentiate themselves from the new Christians, so they decided they would abandon the Septuagint, and went back to what they thought were the Hebrew scriptures- those written originally in Hebrew. There was widespread dissention among them even then; and if I'm not mistaken, even today the Ethiopian Jews still use the 46 books of the Septuagint.
The books you mention as the apocrypha (Catholics call deuterocanonical) were believed to have been written in Greek (though we now know that Sirach or Ecclesiasticus was originally written in Hebrew, though no copy of the Hebrew was known of until the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls); so the Jerusalem Jews excluded them, as well as the New Testament.
Trent was just reaffirming the Church's unaltered stance since 382; perhaps expanding on it's reasons, and declaring it infallible, due to Luther's liberties, but not adding or taking away any books of Scripture.
From what I remember about Esdras, there were four books; 2 in and 2 out; we now call them Ezra and Nehemiah, but they were always there, though not always under that same name.
Luther, due to his “sola fide” or “salvation by faith alone” belief, called the epistle of James “an epistle of straw” because it contains the only reference to “faith alone” in the bible, and it contradicted Luther (James 2:24). He also added the word (in his German translation) only in Romans 3:20 and Romans 4:15, and he inserted the word alone in Romans 3:28.
Trent’s list was the “first infallible and effectually promulgated declaration on the Canon of the Holy Scriptures, and was not exactly the same canon affirmed by such councils as Carthage. You are simply restating an argument that has been refuted. Best to read what the links provide.
Rest in Jesus as thy Savior and respond to Him as thy Lord