Well, the teaching takes place in the homily, which is delivered in the vernacular. The rest of what goes on you can read from a book.
But the Latin Mass requires a bit of a perspective change. It's not, centrally, about "teaching" you anything. It's not there to entertain. Good liturgy is not teaching or entertainment or even necessarily emotionally uplifting. It's worship, and it's supposed to bring you to the threshold of heaven ... and in heaven, the question "What do I get out of this?" is basically nonsensical.
“It’s not there to entertain.”
That’s an incredibly important point, and a big difference, in the Catholic worship service.
The Latin Mass was not about us as individual worshipers. We, as a body, faced the altar and the priest did too. All focus was on the Divine. We were there to adore the Lord and share in His sacrifice. The priest and altar servers represented us on the altar.
After Vatican II, the focus changed to a more participatory worship for each of us. The priest now faced us; there were no more barriers between us and the altar. Parishioners began performing certain aspects of the Mass.
In many American churches, the pendulum swung too far and the worship became self-aggrandizing entertainment. Laity were giving distracting performances that took away from the true focus of the Mass. Individual parishes kept tinkering with the liturgy, adding things like liturgical dance in the name of making the liturgy more “relevant” to Catholics. It was all misguided pride, in my opinion. And it meant nothing to most Catholics.
Now the pendulum is swinging back and parishes are looking to restore the sacred to Mass. Some parishes also offer a Latin Mass for those who find it meaningful. But most Masses are still in English.
If one wants to observe a Catholic Mass, find one that is being said properly: no one on the altar should be distracting in either dress or attitude. No one should be taking away from the focus of the Mass: the sacrifice. It should not be entertaining; it should be reverent. If it’s not, that parish is in error.
Personally, I love the Catholic Mass for its worship, adoration, timelessness, and solemnity. I feel like everything that happens there is between me and God. I get bored quickly if there is too much of a choir performance.
And one of my pet peeves is when they let the choir sing the prayers “for” us. I want to say every word of the Gloria. One of the biggest problems at Mass today is, in my opinion, out of control choirs and cantors.
Find a good, traditional Mass in English and check it out.