This is a verrry long thread and I may make general remarks but it is a task to enter late in the game and answer others post by post.
In his August, 1907 encyclical Pascendi Domenici Gregis, and its July 2007 accompanying syllabus of errors Lamentabile Sane, Pope St, Pius X (the only pope of the last 300 or so years to be canonized so far), denied the theory of evolution and declared the Old and New Testaments to be the inerrant word of God. I don't claim to be a theologian but I figure it is safe for any Catholic (or anyone else if they so choose) to depend on Pascendi Domenici Gregis and Lamentabile Sane.
I will look and see if I find anything else worthy of response.