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In Context:

John 6:30 begins with an event that took place in the synagogue at Capernaum where the Jews asked Jesus what sign he could perform so that they could believe in him. As a challenge, they said “our ancestors ate manna in the desert.” Could Jesus top that? He told them the real bread from heaven comes from the Father. “Give us this bread always,” they said. Jesus replied, “I am the bread of life, whoever comes to me will never hunger, and whoever believes in me will never thirst.” At this point the Jews understood him to be speaking metaphorically.

Jesus REPEATED what he said and then He summarized: “I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if any one eats of this bread, he will live for ever; and the bread which I shall give for the life of the world is my flesh.’ The Jews then disputed among themselves, saying, ‘How can this man give us his flesh to eat?’” (John 6:51–52).

His listeners were shocked because now they understood Jesus literally and correctly. He again repeated his words, but with even greater emphasis, and introduced the statement about drinking his blood: “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in you; he who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him” (John 6:53–56).

Jesus made NO attempt to soften what he said, NO attempt to correct “misunderstandings,” for there were none. Our Lord’s listeners understood him perfectly well. They no longer thought he was speaking metaphorically. If they had and mistook what He said - Jesus did NOT retract!

Christ also explained exactly what he meant in Matt. 16:5–12. Here, where any misunderstanding would be fatal, Jesus made NO effort to correct – instead he REPEATED himself emphatically.

Then in John 6:60: “Many of his disciples, when they heard it, said, ‘This is a hard saying; who can listen to it?’ These were his disciples, people used to His remarkable ways. Jesus warned them not to think carnally, but spiritually: “It is the Spirit that gives life, the flesh is of no avail; the words that I have spoken to you are spirit and life.” John 6:63; 1 Cor. 2:12–14.

But He knew some didn’t believe and it’s here, in the rejection of the Eucharist that Judas fell away, read John 6:64. “After this, many of his disciples drew back and no longer went about with him” John 6:66.

This is the only record we have of any of Christ’s followers forsaking him for purely doctrinal reasons. If it had all been a misunderstanding, if they erred in taking a metaphor in a literal sense, why didn’t He call them back and straighten things out? Both the Jews, who were suspicious of him, and his disciples, who had accepted everything up to this point, would have remained with him had he said he was speaking only symbolically!

But HE DID NOT CORRECT these protesters. TWELVE times He said He was the bread that came down from heaven; FOUR times He said they would have “to eat my flesh and drink my blood.”

John 6 was a promise of what would be instituted at the Last Supper and it was a promise that could not be more explicit.

Paul CONFIRMS it when he wrote to the Corinthians: “The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?” (1 Cor. 10:16). So when we receive Communion, we actually participate in the body and blood of Christ, not just eat symbols of them. Paul also said, “Therefore whoever eats the bread and drinks the cup of the Lord unworthily will have to answer for the body and blood of the Lord. . . . For any one who eats and drinks without discerning the body, eats and drinks judgment on himself” (1 Cor. 11:27, 29). “To answer for the body and blood” of someone meant to be guilty of a crime as serious as breaking one of the Ten Commandents. How could eating mere bread and wine “unworthily” be so serious? Paul’s comment makes sense only if the bread and wine became the real body and blood of Christ!

You/your article compared the John 6 verses saying they’re metaphorical like John 10:9 “I am the door” and John 15:1 “I am the true vine”. Where is the connection to John 6:35 “I am the bread of life”?

“I am the door” and “I am the vine” make sense as metaphors because Christ is like a door we go to heaven through him and he is also like a vine we get our spiritual sap through him.

But Christ takes John 6:35 way beyond symbolism by saying, “For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed” John 6:55 and continues: “As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so he who eats me will live because of me” John 6:57.

The Letter to the Hebrews explains, Jesus is the one eternal high priest who always lives to make intercession for the people before the Father. In this way, he surpasses the many high priests who over centuries used to offer sacrifices for sin in the Jerusalem temple. The eternal high priest Jesus offers the perfect sacrifice which is his very self, not something else. “He entered once for all into the sanctuary, not with the blood of goats and calves but with his own blood, thus obtaining eternal redemption” Heb 9:12

St. Paul taught us in his letters, using the analogy of the human body, the Church is the Body of Christ, in which many members are united with Christ their head (1 Cor 10:16-17, 12:12-31; Rom 12:4-8). This reality is frequently referred to as the Mystical Body of Christ. All those united to Christ, the living and the dead, are joined together as one Body in Christ. This union is not one that can be seen by human eyes, for it is a mystical union brought about by the power of the Holy Spirit.

And so it was handed down...

St. Augustine...those who are to receive the Body of Christ in the Eucharist: “Be what you see, and receive what you are” (Sermon 272). In another sermon he says, “If you receive worthily, you are what you have received” (Sermon 227).

St. John Damascene wrote: “The bread and wine are not a foreshadowing of the body and blood of Christ—By no means!—but the actual deified body of the Lord, because the Lord Himself said: ‘This is my body’; not ‘a foreshadowing of my body’ but ‘my body,’ and not ‘a foreshadowing of my blood’ but ‘my blood’” (The Orthodox Faith, IV [PG 94, 1148-49]).

St. Cyril of Alexandria, “Christ is not altered, nor is his holy body changed, but the power of the consecration and his life-giving grace is perpetual in it” (Letter 83, to Calosyrius, Bishop of Arsinoe [PG 76, 1076])etc., etc.
...most of it taken from here:
http://www.catholic.org/clife/jesus/eucharist.php

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