Such argument indeed exists, it is called invincible ignorance. It does follow from the scripture, as you astutely note. But why, do you think, does it devalue the work of Jesus? If it were not for His Passion, no one at all would be saved.
“It does follow from the scripture, as you astutely note.”
There are no exceptions. God gave His Son as a ransom for sin. He is the only way, there is no other. His mercy was was poured out at the cross; His grace is extended now; but ultimately His justice prevails.
Paul says in Romans 1:18-20, “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness; Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse”
Romans 2:11-12, “For there is no respect of persons with God. For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;”