It's self evident that the theory itself isn't going to provide the answer (though an examination of the historical record plausibly might) and for the same reason, the theory of evolution isn't going to automatically spit out the answers to the questions "What is the prototype insect from which all others descended? and what is the prototype mammal, from which all others descended?" If these specific fossils happened to be found that would be fortunate, but to expect such an occurrence is unrealistic considering just how rare fossil formation really is. But this is article provides the basis of morality via evolution:
5. Evolution accounts for specific Christian moral precepts. Much of Christian morality has to do with human relationships, most notably truth telling and marital fidelity, because the violation of these principles causes a severe breakdown in trust, which is the foundation of family and community. Evolution describes how we developed into pair-bonded primates and how adultery violates trust. Likewise, truth telling is vital for trust in our society, so lying is a sin.
Do you believe human consciousness ultimately comes from mindlessness?
[But this is article provides the basis of morality via evolution: {5. Evolution accounts for specific Christian moral precepts}.]
I think this article is a steaming pile of crap (and I suspect you would agree with me on at least that point). :^)
The author is attempting to do something even more foolish than trying to come up with scientific explanations for miraculous Bible events, and that is to try to come up with moral and spiritual reasons to accept particular scientific theories. This is an affront to scientific methodology as well as religious faith and I can only assume that he's doing so because his opinion of the intelligence of creationists is so low, and I'm afraid his writing does a disservice to the scientific method and reflects poorly on it.
[Do you believe human consciousness ultimately comes from mindlessness?]
No. The best evidence suggests that consciousness is derivative of the normal physical functioning of a brain possessing a certain minimal amount of complexity. Evidence also suggests that having both a limbic system and a prefrontal cortex (which only mammals have and humans have the most developed) is necessary for a sense of self and for the capacity to define morality and act according to moral principles.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefrontal_cortex