Just curious as to your interpretation of this and as a follow up this
Die in the sense of losing eternal life. After Christ returns at the end of time, we will have the resurrection of the body. "[I]f the dead are not raised, then Christ has not been raised. If Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile and you are still in your sins. Then those also who have fallen asleep in Christ have perished" (1 Cor. 15:13–18).
And the judgment. God "will give to each person according to what he has done. "To those who by persistence in doing good seek glory, honor and immortality, he will give eternal life. But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow evil, there will be wrath and anger. There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile; but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good.” Rom 2:6-10 The eternal nature of hell is also shown in the New Testament. For example, in Mark 9:47–48 Jesus warns, "[I]t is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into hell, where the worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched." That is eternity. A dead soul would have nothing to worry about. And in Revelation 14:11, we read: "And the smoke of their torment goes up for ever and ever; and they have no rest, day or night, these worshipers of the beast and its image, and whoever receives the mark of its name."
And this is directly related to your next quote:
for all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God; Romans 3:23
I don’t see your point here. We all have sinned, but God forgives repentant sinners. He established the sacrament of penance in John 20. This is one of my favorite passages. “Again Jesus said, "Peace be with you! As the Father has sent me, I am sending you." And with that he breathed on them and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven." Note that Jesus breathed on the apostles. This is significant. The only other time God breathed on man is when He breathed life into Adam. Here, Jesus is creating His priesthood, and giving them special powers to run His Church until he comes again.