Does the Bible Explicitly Mandate Immersion Baptism?
No. Nowhere does the Bible specifically say that one must be baptized by full immersion. The only Scriptural mandates about the form of baptism are that baptism with Water is necessary, and that baptism is to be conferred in the Triune name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Interestingly, when the Lord gave the apostles specific instructions on how to perform baptisms (Matt. 28:19), He said nothing at all about the necessity of full immersion versus pouring or sprinkling. Obviously, then, the question of immersion versus infusion is an optional and relatively unimportant matter to the Lord.
Now we shall ask ourselves if the Baptist arguments for immersion baptism are founded on faulty inferences alone, or are they based on explicit proof-texts?
But Doesn't the Word 'Baptizo' Always Mean "to Immerse"?
Baptists claim that the only meaning of the word 'baptizo' in the original langauge is "to immerse" (e.g., the Southern Baptist tract "Baptizing them in the Name," Nashville, LifeWay Press, 1999). This is simply untrue.
According to the Liddell-Scott-Jones lexicon of Greek, the verb 'baptizo' can mean, "to immerse," but it can just as readily mean, "to dip," or even "to draw wine by dipping a cup in the bowl". One who is baptized, in the passive sense of the verb, can be drowned, drunk with wine, deeply in debt, or just in trouble. In Biblical Greek, the verb 'baptizo' can mean "to purify by washing," as when Naaman, at Elisha's direction, "went down and washed ['ebaptisato'] himself seven times in the Jordan" (2 Kgs. 5:14 [Reg. IV 5:14], Septuagint Greek Old Testament). It can also signify a ritual cleansing of eating and cooking utensils (Mark 7:4, 'baptismous'), and other ritual washings established under the Old Covenant (see Hebrews 9:10, 'baptismois').
Most significantly, however, we have in the New Testament a crystal clear use of the verb 'baptizo' in a context that signifies only a partial washing of the body, as opposed to full immersion. In Luke 11:38 the verb 'baptizo' refers to a ritual washing of one's hands before eating: Jesus went to dine with a Pharisee and "the Pharisee was astonished to see that he had not first washed ['ebaptisthe'] before dinner." With this Biblical proof-text as our guide, we can readily see that in the New Testament the verb 'baptizo' signifies a ritual cleansing without any necessary reference to the idea of full immersion.