Jesus forgave the Jews and the Romans from the cross.
As was His nature. However, personal forgiveness does not change one's objective standing before the bar of justice. I can personally forgive the killer of my child, but that killer still needs to stand before judge to make satisfaction.
At His first appearance, Jesus did not come as judge (John 12:47), so His comments from the cross cannot be taken in an objective, judicial sense. At His second coming, however, Christ will judge all those for their deeds, and whoever is not found to be "in Christ" will suffer eternal punishment (Acts 17:31).
The apostate Jews of Jesus's day also suffered temporal punishment when that nation was judged of God by the agency of the Roman armies. The keys to the kingdom and the designation "holy nation" were transferred from the physical descendents of Abraham to Christ's spiriral heirs, the church.
"So Jesus said to them, 'Assuredly I say to you, that in the regeneration, when the Son of Man sits on the throne of His glory, you who have followed Me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.'" (Matt. 19:28)
for they know not what they do,or "are doing", meaning, in crucifying him, which was the case of many of them, and of their rulers; they did not know that Jesus was the Messiah, nor the prophecies concerning him, nor the evil they were committing in putting him to death: not that their ignorance excused their sin; nor was it without sin; nor does Christ use it as a plea for pardon, or found his intercession upon it, which is always done upon his own propitiatory sacrifice; but this is mentioned as descriptive of the persons Christ prays for, and points out a branch of his priestly office he exercises, in having compassion on the ignorant, and them that are out of the way; (John Gill's Exposition of the Bible; Luke 23:34)
Jesus forgave the Jews and the Romans from the cross.
The greek word for "forgive""
aphiemi {af-ee'-ay-mee}
1) to send away a) to bid going away or depart 1) of a husband divorcing his wife b) to send forth, yield up, to expire c) to let go, let alone, let be 1) to disregard 2) to leave, not to discuss now, (a topic) a) of teachers, writers and speakers 3) to omit, neglect d) to let go, give up a debt, forgive, to remit e) to give up, keep no longer 2) to permit, allow, not to hinder, to give up a thing to a person 3) to leave, go way from one a) in order to go to another place b) to depart from any one c) to depart from one and leave him to himself so that all mutual claims are abandoned d) to desert wrongfully e) to go away leaving something behind f) to leave one by not taking him as a companion g) to leave on dying, leave behind one h) to leave so that what is left may remain, leave remaining i) abandon, leave destitute
I heard it preached on a "good friday" that what Jesus was doing was asking God to permit them/ allow to murder him. He was yielding to the cross no longer asking that this cup be removed from Him.
I thought that was an interesting read of that verse.