Actually, a well placed tile might do it, but the shuttle typically loses some tiles during flight. If the tile were lost on one of the control surfaces (wings) and especially a leading edge of a wing then all bets are off. I'm sure the entire aerospace community will be doing CFD analyses for the next year in an effort to determine what kind of damage requires repair on-orbit for a safe reentry. Future flights will carry repair kits to fix such damage on-orbit.