[nightdriver]

"More efficient means more power out of a smaller package."

Actually, just the opposite is the way it works. A highly efficient engine of any process tends to be very large for its power output.

The diesel engine outshines the gasoline (spark-ignited) engine every time in efficiency because of its higher compression ratio. However, it will weigh over twice as much as an equally powered SI engine.

[Blood of Tyrants]

You are only considering the efficiency of scale and not taking into account new technology. For example, a 1965 VW bug had a 1600cc engine that put out about 40 hp and got about 30-35 mpg. Yet today it is routine to get 130 hp and 35-40 mpg out of an engine of the same size.

[mamelukesabre]

Actually, just the opposite is the way it works. A highly efficient engine of any process tends to be very large for its power output.

The diesel engine outshines the gasoline (spark-ignited) engine every time in efficiency because of its higher compression ratio. However, it will weigh over twice as much as an equally powered SI engine.

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I'm not sure I totally buy your theory about higher compression ratios being the reason for the higher efficiency. I think it has more to do with the fact that diesels engines operate at higher temperatures and that there is a great deal of leftover heat "recycled" to vaporize each subsequent charge of fuel.